How to format your references using the Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

V.S. Subrahmanian, Computer science Cultural modeling in real time, Science 317 (5844) (2007) 1509–1510.

A journal article with 2 authors

L.-L. Jiang and M. Perc, Spreading of cooperative behaviour across interdependent groups, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 2483.

A journal article with 3 authors

I.M. Head, D.M. Jones, and S.R. Larter, Biological activity in the deep subsurface and the origin of heavy oil, Nature 426 (6964) (2003) 344–352.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

M.A. Lodato et al., Aging and neurodegeneration are associated with increased mutations in single human neurons, Science 359 (6375) (2018) 555–559.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

P. McFedries, Twitter Tips, Tricks, and Tweets, Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA, (2010).

An edited book

L.A. Eaton and S.C. Kalichman, eds., Biomedical Advances in HIV Prevention: Social and Behavioral Perspectives, Springer, New York, NY, (2014).

A chapter in an edited book

A.M. Chaudhry, Parsimonious Modeling and Forecasting of Time Series drifted by Autoregressive Noise, in G. Reiner (Ed.), Rapid Modelling for Increasing Competitiveness: Tools and Mindset, Springer, London, (2009): pp. 45–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology.

Blog post

J. Fang, Desert Bird Stays Cool By Losing Heat Through Its Giant Bill, IFLScience (2016).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, Information Technology: OMB’s Dashboard Has Increased Transparency and Oversight, but Improvements Needed, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, (2010).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

V.K. Chellamuthu, Structured Population Models: Numerical Methods and Application to Frogs Infected with Chytridiomycosis, Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

S. Berkman, A Beauty of a Pitchers’ Duel? Try an Ugly Slugfest, New York Times (2017) D5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
Abbreviation	J. Mech. Sci. Technol.
ISSN (print)	1738-494X
ISSN (online)	1976-3824
Scope	Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials