How to format your references using the Journal of Internet Services and Applications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Internet Services and Applications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Cyranoski D. Enter the dragon. Nature. 2007;449:502–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Law KL, Thompson RC. Oceans. Microplastics in the seas. Science. 2014;345:144–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Green BM, Finn KJ, Li JJ. Loss of DNA replication control is a potent inducer of gene amplification. Science. 2010;329:943–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Mazloumian A, Helbing D, Lozano S, Light RP, Börner K. Global multi-level analysis of the “scientific food web.” Sci Rep. 2013;3:1167.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. El-Reedy MA. Construction Management for Industrial Projects. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. Dincer I, Hepbasli A, Midilli A, Karakoc TH, editors. Global Warming: Engineering Solutions. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Selvan ME, Keffer DJ. Molecular-Level Modeling of the Structure and Proton Transport within the Membrane Electrode Assembly of Hydrogen Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. In: Balbuena PB, Subramanian VR, editors. Theory and Experiment in Electrocatalysis. New York, NY: Springer; 2010. p. 133–202.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Internet Services and Applications.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Volcanic Vents Reveal Bleak Future For Oceans [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/volcanic-vents-reveal-bleak-future-oceans/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Next Generation Air Transportation System: Status of Key Issues Associated with the Transition to NextGen. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008 Sep. Report No.: GAO-08-1154T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Finnegan RJ. Information food webs: A quantitative inquiry using a biological food web methodology [Doctoral dissertation]. [Minneapolis, MN]: Capella University; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Urbina I. A Renegade Trawler, Chased by Eco-Vigilantes. New York Times. 2015 Jul 28;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Internet Services and Applications
Abbreviation	J. Internet Serv. Appl.
ISSN (print)	1867-4828
ISSN (online)	1869-0238
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Computer Science Applications