How to format your references using the Journal of Internet Services and Applications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Internet Services and Applications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Hardin LS. Meetings that changed the world: Bellagio 1969: The green revolution. Nature. 2008;455:470–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Davis CJ, Johnson CG. Lightning-induced intensification of the ionospheric sporadic E layer. Nature. 2005;435:799–801.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Hampshire A, MacDonald A, Owen AM. Hypoconnectivity and hyperfrontality in retired American football players. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2972.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Bartels R, Backus S, Zeek E, Misoguti L, Vdovin G, Christov IP, et al. Shaped-pulse optimization of coherent emission of high-harmonic soft X-rays. Nature. 2000;406:164–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Levy G, Levin B. The Biostatistics of Aging. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2014.

An edited book

1. Linger H, Fisher J, Barnden A, Barry C, Lang M, Schneider C, editors. Building Sustainable Information Systems: Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Information Systems Development. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Folino G, Forestiero A, Spezzano G. Swarm-Based Distributed Clustering in Peer-to-Peer Systems. In: Talbi E-G, Liardet P, Collet P, Lutton E, Schoenauer M, editors. Artificial Evolution: 7th International Conference, Evolution Artificielle, EA 2005, Lille, France, October 26-28, 2005, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006. p. 37–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Internet Services and Applications.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Comet Dust Discovered On Earth’s Surface For The First Time Ever. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Disbursing Transactions, Naval Ship Research and Development Laboratory. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1971 Aug. Report No.: 092587.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Romer C. WhatsUpDoc: A Patient Portal Technology [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Walsh MW. A.I.G. Tells Shareholders Stock Sale Still Planned. New York Times. 2011 May 12;B8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Internet Services and Applications
Abbreviation	J. Internet Serv. Appl.
ISSN (print)	1867-4828
ISSN (online)	1869-0238
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Computer Science Applications