How to format your references using the Journal of Hospital Infection citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Hospital Infection. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Krause DW. Fossil molar from a Madagascan marsupial. Nature 2001;412:497–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Reisz RR, Smith MM. Developmental biology. Lungfish dental pattern conserved for 360 Myr. Nature 2001;411:548.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Bortnik J, Thorne RM, Meredith NP. The unexpected origin of plasmaspheric hiss from discrete chorus emissions. Nature 2008;452:62–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Hansen TW, Wagner JB, Hansen PL, Dahl S, Topsøe H, Jacobsen CJ. Atomic-resolution in situ transmission electron microscopy of a promoter of a heterogeneous catalyst. Science 2001;294:1508–10.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Campbell AK. Intracellular Calcium. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Harder H, Mittler B, editors. Asian Punches: A Transcultural Affair. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Avramova Z, De Vleeschauwer D, Wittevrongel S, Bruneel H. Dimensioning Multicast-Enabled Networks for IP-Transported TV Channels. In: Mason L, Drwiega T, Yan J, editors. Managing Traffic Performance in Converged Networks: 20th International Teletraffic Congress, ITC20 2007, Ottawa, Canada, June 17-21, 2007. Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007, p. 6–17.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Hospital Infection.

Blog post

[1]

Hamilton K. What’s Happening When Our Joints Crack And Is It Bad? IFLScience 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Software Distribution: Review of the Department of Energy’s National Energy Software Center. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1987.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Jozwiak AL. Social work internship stipend program: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Corkery M. Sales Drop at Macy’s Punishes Its Stock. New York Times 2017:B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Hospital Infection
Abbreviation	J. Hosp. Infect.
ISSN (print)	0195-6701
Scope	General Medicine Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)