How to format your references using the Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Miller, C. 2006. “Biophysics. Lonely voltage sensor seeks protons for permeation.” Science, 312 (5773): 534–535.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gurdon, J. B., and D. A. Melton. 2008. “Nuclear reprogramming in cells.” Science, 322 (5909): 1811–1815.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mohn, F., D. Handler, and J. Brennecke. 2015. “Noncoding RNA. piRNA-guided slicing specifies transcripts for Zucchini-dependent, phased piRNA biogenesis.” Science, 348 (6236): 812–817.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Harrison, S. P., G. Yu, H. Takahara, and I. C. Prentice. 2001. “Palaeovegetation. Diversity of temperate plants in east Asia.” Nature, 413 (6852): 129–130.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Askoolum, A. 2007. System Building with APL + Win. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Zgurovsky, M. Z. 2011. Evolution Inclusions and Variation Inequalities for Earth Data Processing I: Operator Inclusions and Variation Inequalities for Earth Data Processing. Advances in Mechanics and Mathematics, (V. S. Mel’nik and P. O. Kasyanov, eds.). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Cuadrado, J. S., E. Guerra, and J. de Lara. 2015. “Reusable Model Transformation Components with bentō.” Theory and Practice of Model Transformations: 8th International Conference, ICMT 2015, Held as Part of STAF 2015, L’Aquila, Italy, July 20-21, 2015. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, D. Kolovos and M. Wimmer, eds., 59–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development.

Blog post

Carpineti, C. 2017. “Dogs Can Detect Breast Cancer Just By Smelling Bandages.” IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/dogs-can-detect-breast-cancer-just-by-smelling-bandages/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1989. Improvements Needed in DOT’s Hazardous Materials Rail Safety Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kalavacherla, R. S. 2017. “DFT study of the improved performance of oxygen reduction reaction on gold-copper alloy in a PEM fuel cell.” Doctoral dissertation. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Liptak, A., and M. W. Walsh. 2016. “Justices Reject Puerto Rico Law in Case on Restructuring Debt.” New York Times, June 14, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Miller 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Gurdon and Melton 2008; Miller 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gurdon and Melton 2008)
Three or more authors: (Harrison et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
ISSN (online)	2095-6215
Scope