How to format your references using the Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ramirez, A. P. 2007. “Applied physics. Oxide electronics emerge.” Science, 315 (5817): 1377–1378.

A journal article with 2 authors

Casadevall, A., and L.-A. Pirofski. 2014. “Microbiology: Ditch the term pathogen.” Nature, 516 (7530): 165–166.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ryugo, D. K., E. A. Kretzmer, and J. K. Niparko. 2005. “Restoration of auditory nerve synapses in cats by cochlear implants.” Science, 310 (5753): 1490–1492.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Urnov, F. D., J. C. Miller, Y.-L. Lee, C. M. Beausejour, J. M. Rock, S. Augustus, A. C. Jamieson, M. H. Porteus, P. D. Gregory, and M. C. Holmes. 2005. “Highly efficient endogenous human gene correction using designed zinc-finger nucleases.” Nature, 435 (7042): 646–651.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Utas, G. 2006. Robust Communications Software. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Perrone, G., M. Bruccoleri, and P. Renna (Eds.). 2005. Designing and Evaluating Value Added Services in Manufacturing E-Market Places. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Juma, C., and K. Gordon. 2014. “Transgenic Crops and Food Security.” Plant Biotechnology: Experience and Future Prospects, A. Ricroch, S. Chopra, and S. J. Fleischer, eds., 45–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015. “First Five Months Of 2015 Were The Hottest Ever Recorded.” IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/current-global-temperature-are-breaking-records/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2002. Federal-Aid Highways: States Need Guidance on Sales or Leases of Real Property Purchased with Federal Funds. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Richards, O. 2017. “Teachers’ Perceptions About the Value of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy: A Case Study.” Doctoral dissertation. Scottsdale, AZ: Northcentral University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Robinson, L. 2010. “Christians and Muslims.” New York Times, August 22, 2010.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ramirez 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Casadevall and Pirofski 2014; Ramirez 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Casadevall and Pirofski 2014)
Three or more authors: (Urnov et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
ISSN (online)	2095-6215
Scope