How to format your references using the Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Zuk M. Family values in black and white. Nature. 2006;439:917.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Hong SY, Kalnay E. Role of sea surface temperature and soil-moisture feedback in the 1998 Oklahoma-Texas drought. Nature. 2000;408:842–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Chookajorn T, Murdoch HA, Schuh CA. Design of stable nanocrystalline alloys. Science. 2012;337:951–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Fujioka Y, Ishigaki S, Masuda A, Iguchi Y, Udagawa T, Watanabe H, et al. FUS-regulated region- and cell-type-specific transcriptome is associated with cell selectivity in ALS/FTLD. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2388.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Leuf B. The Semantic Web. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

1. Bucur D. Variational Methods in Shape Optimization Problems. Buttazzo G, editor. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Giusti L, Zancanaro M. What We Can Learn from Service Design in Order to Design Services. In: Zseby T, Savola R, Pistore M, editors. Future Internet - FIS 2009: Second Future Internet Symposium, FIS 2009, Berlin, Germany, September 1-3, 2009. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 46–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Sciences.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Beards: Too Hip For Their Own Good. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: Immigration and Customs Enforcement Is Beginning to Address Infrastructure Modernization Program Weaknesses but Key Improvements Still Needed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006 Jul. Report No.: GAO-06-823.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Alvandipour M. Thermographic Image Analysis with Gabor Filters [Doctoral dissertation]. [Edwardsville, IL]: Southern Illinois University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Greenhouse L. In Latest Term, Majority Grows To More Than 5 of the Justices. New York Times. 2008 May 23;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Sciences
ISSN (print)	1868-6974
ISSN (online)	1868-6982
Scope