How to format your references using the Journal of Hand and Microsurgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Hand and Microsurgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Spurgeon D (2000) Canada tries to limit nanotech brain drain. Nature 408:623

A journal article with 2 authors

McGraw JB, Furedi MA (2005) Deer browsing and population viability of a forest understory plant. Science 307:920–922

A journal article with 3 authors

Krupic J, Burgess N, O’Keefe J (2012) Neural representations of location composed of spatially periodic bands. Science 337:853–857

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Koten JW Jr, Wood G, Hagoort P, et al (2009) Genetic contribution to variation in cognitive function: an FMRI study in twins. Science 323:1737–1740

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Langton R (2006) Stability and Control of Aircraft Systems. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, England

An edited book

Saminger-Platz S, Mesiar R (2016) On Logical, Algebraic, and Probabilistic Aspects of Fuzzy Set Theory, 1st ed. 2016. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Cheu EY, Ng SK, Quek C (2010) Enhancing Decision Support System with Neural Fuzzy Model and Simple Model Visualizations. In: Jain LC, Lim CP (eds) Handbook on Decision Making: Vol 1: Techniques and Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 85–116

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Hand and Microsurgery.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) MRI Study Finds That Infants Experience Pain In The Same Way Adults Do. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1970) Comments on H.R. 16443. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Liang C-C (2013) Fate of bacterial and viral indicators in an advanced wastewater treatment plant. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S (2003) The Czar Didn’t Sleep Here. New York Times F1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Hand and Microsurgery
Abbreviation	J. Hand Microsurg.
ISSN (print)	0974-3227
ISSN (online)	0974-6897
Scope

Research and Writing Guides