How to format your references using the Journal of Fluids and Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Fluids and Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hallonsten, O., 2015. Europe needs fresh focus on big-science projects. Nature 518, 275.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gribble, P.L., Scott, S.H., 2002. Overlap of internal models in motor cortex for mechanical loads during reaching. Nature 417, 938–941.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wen, J., Zhou, S., Chen, J., 2014. Colorimetric detection of Shewanella oneidensis based on immunomagnetic capture and bacterial intrinsic peroxidase activity. Sci. Rep. 4, 5191.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lee, G.-H., Kwon, S.J., Park, K.-S., Kang, J.-G., Park, J.-G., Lee, S., Kim, J.-C., Shim, H.-W., Kim, D.-W., 2014. Germanium microflower-on-nanostem as a high-performance lithium ion battery electrode. Sci. Rep. 4, 6883.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Black, R., 2016. Pragmatic Software Testing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana.

An edited book

Semenov, O., 2008. ESD Protection Device and Circuit Design for Advanced CMOS Technologies. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Biscari, P., Ruggeri, T., Saccomandi, G., Vianello, M.S., 2016. Geometria delle masse, in: Ruggeri, T., Saccomandi, G., Vianello, M.S. (Eds.), Meccanica Razionale, UNITEXT. Springer, Milano, pp. 87–107.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Fluids and Structures.

Blog post

Taub, B., 2016. Learning Music Gives Kids Extra Brain Connections [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1999. Year 2000 Computing Challenge: Readiness Improving But Much Work Remains to Avoid Disruption of Critical Services (No. T-AIMD-99-232). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sefrit, J., 2008. A study of the effectiveness of a school district’s mentoring /professional development plan for beginning teachers (Doctoral dissertation). Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K., 2001. Sailors’ Quarters, Once 25 Cents. New York Times 143.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hallonsten, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Gribble and Scott, 2002; Hallonsten, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gribble and Scott, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Lee et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Fluids and Structures
Abbreviation	J. Fluids Struct.
ISSN (print)	0889-9746
Scope	Mechanical Engineering