How to format your references using the Journal of Environmental Quality citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Environmental Quality. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hoffert, M.I. 2010. Climate change. Farewell to fossil fuels? Science 329(5997): 1292–1294.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kazmierczak, J., and B. Kremer. 2002. Palaeontology: thermal alteration of the Earth’s oldest fossils. Nature 420(6915): 477–478.

A journal article with 3 authors

Di Toro, G., S. Nielsen, and G. Pennacchioni. 2005. Earthquake rupture dynamics frozen in exhumed ancient faults. Nature 436(7053): 1009–1012.

A journal article with 6 or more authors

Fang, C., R.R. Frontiera, R. Tran, and R.A. Mathies. 2009. Mapping GFP structure evolution during proton transfer with femtosecond Raman spectroscopy. Nature 462(7270): 200–204.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sofronas, A. 2005. Analytical Troubleshooting of Process Machinery and Pressure Vessels. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Karacapilidis, N., editor. 2014. Mastering Data-Intensive Collaboration and Decision Making: Research and practical applications in the Dicode project. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Medwed, M., and J.-M. Schmidt. 2009. Coding Schemes for Arithmetic and Logic Operations - How Robust Are They? In: Youm, H.Y. and Yung, M., editors, Information Security Applications: 10th International Workshop, WISA 2009, Busan, Korea, August 25-27, 2009, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. p. 51–65

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Environmental Quality.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015. No S#!t Study: Scientists Find That Conspiracy Theorists Will Pretty Much Believe Anything You Tell Them. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1974. Administration of the Medicaid Drug Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lewis, T.L. 2010. Quantitative approach to technical performance measurement and technical risk analysis utilizing Bayesian methods and Monte Carlo simulation.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodgman, J. 2017. Bonus Advice From Judge John Hodgman. New York Times: MM18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hoffert, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Kazmierczak and Kremer, 2002; Hoffert, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kazmierczak and Kremer, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Fang et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Environmental Quality
Abbreviation	J. Environ. Qual.
ISSN (print)	0047-2425
ISSN (online)	1537-2537
Scope	Environmental Engineering Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Pollution Waste Management and Disposal Water Science and Technology