How to format your references using the Journal of Environmental Quality citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Environmental Quality. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Vyazovskiy, V.V. 2015. Neuroscience. Mapping the birth of the sleep connectome. Science 350(6263): 909–910.

A journal article with 2 authors

Cobey, S., and M. Lipsitch. 2012. Niche and neutral effects of acquired immunity permit coexistence of pneumococcal serotypes. Science 335(6074): 1376–1380.

A journal article with 3 authors

Aubret, F., R. Shine, and X. Bonnet. 2004. Evolutionary biology: adaptive developmental plasticity in snakes. Nature 431(7006): 261–262.

A journal article with 6 or more authors

Pushkarev, A., K. Inoue, S. Larom, J. Flores-Uribe, M. Singh, et al. 2018. A distinct abundant group of microbial rhodopsins discovered using functional metagenomics. Nature 558(7711): 595–599.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hitchner, J.R. 2017. Financial Valuation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Zieliński, M., and R. Rami-Porta, editors. 2014. The Transcervical Approach in Thoracic Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Kaplansky, I. 2013. Integers Uniquely Represented by Certain Ternary Forms. In: Graham, R.L., Nešetřil, J., and Butler, S., editors, The Mathematics of Paul Erdős I. Springer, New York, NY. p. 71–79

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Environmental Quality.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. 2017. East African Hunter-Gatherer Research Suggests The Human Microbiome Is An Ecological Disaster Zone. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/east-african-hunter-gatherer-research-suggests-the-human-microbiome-is-an-ecological-disaster-zone/ (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1982. NASA Must Reconsider Operations Pricing Policy To Compensate for Cost Growth on the Space Transportation System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Eakman, T.L. 2017. Education Level and Critical Thinking Skills Among Substance Use Counselors Nationwide: A Descriptive Comparative Study.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Bennhold, K., S. Erlanger, and C. Yeginsu. 2017. Britain on Edge As Terror Alert Hits Top Level. New York Times: A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Vyazovskiy, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Cobey and Lipsitch, 2012; Vyazovskiy, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Cobey and Lipsitch, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Pushkarev et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Environmental Quality
Abbreviation	J. Environ. Qual.
ISSN (print)	0047-2425
ISSN (online)	1537-2537
Scope	Environmental Engineering Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Pollution Waste Management and Disposal Water Science and Technology