How to format your references using the Journal of Emergency Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Emergency Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dulac C. Brain function and chromatin plasticity. Nature. 2010;465(7299):728-735.

A journal article with 2 authors

Galloway LF, Etterson JR. Transgenerational plasticity is adaptive in the wild. Science. 2007;318(5853):1134-1136.

A journal article with 3 authors

Korkhov VM, Mireku SA, Locher KP. Structure of AMP-PNP-bound vitamin B12 transporter BtuCD-F. Nature. 2012;490(7420):367-372.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Dello Russo N, Vervack RJ, Weaver HA, et al. Compositional homogeneity in the fragmented comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3. Nature. 2007;448(7150):172-175.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Peterson RL. Trading on Sentiment. John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.

An edited book

Deb S, ed. Child Safety, Welfare and Well-Being: Issues and Challenges. Springer India; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Amit M, Crochemore M, Landau GM. Locating All Maximal Approximate Runs in a String. In: Fischer J, Sanders P, eds. Combinatorial Pattern Matching: 24th Annual Symposium, CPM 2013, Bad Herrenalb, Germany, June 17-19, 2013. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer; 2013:13-27.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Emergency Nursing.

Blog post

Andrew E. Overcoming The Social Barriers To Climate Consensus. IFLScience. Published February 3, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/overcoming-social-barriers-climate-consensus/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: Health Care Financing Administration’s Budget Process Needs Improvement. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Richardson VM. In Vitro Thyroid Hormone Metabolism: Effects of Nuclear Receptor Activation on the Metabolic Profiles of Thyroxine in Rat and Human Hepatocytes. Doctoral dissertation. University of North Carolina; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Soldier Kills 4 Comrades, Then Himself. New York Times. February 21, 2003:A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Emergency Nursing
Abbreviation	J. Emerg. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	0099-1767
Scope	Emergency

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