How to format your references using the Journal of Emergency Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Emergency Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Street RA. Materials science. Unraveling charge transport in conjugated polymers. Science. 2013;341(6150):1072-1073.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dasgupta PS, Ehrlich PR. Pervasive externalities at the population, consumption, and environment nexus. Science. 2013;340(6130):324-328.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang P, Cohen RE, Haule K. Effects of electron correlations on transport properties of iron at Earth’s core conditions. Nature. 2015;517(7536):605-607.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Aluwihare LI, Repeta DJ, Pantoja S, Johnson CG. Two chemically distinct pools of organic nitrogen accumulate in the ocean. Science. 2005;308(5724):1007-1010.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shafer DA. Hazardous Materials Characterization. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

Doerffer P. Unsteady Effects of Shock Wave Induced Separation. Vol 114. (Hirsch C, Dussauge JP, Babinsky H, Barakos GN, eds.). Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Martin K, Sauerborn J. Crops and Their Environment. In: Sauerborn J, ed. Agroecology. Springer Netherlands; 2013:103-185.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Emergency Nursing.

Blog post

Davis J. Tasmanian Devil Milk May Be A Source Of New Antibiotics. IFLScience. October 19, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/tasmanian-devil-milk-may-be-a-source-of-new-antibiotics/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Environmental Protection Agency: Difficulties in Comparing Annual Budgets for Science and Technology. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Berkland M. Strain Analysis of a Detachment Shear Zone. Doctoral dissertation. University of Louisiana; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Landler M, Plumer B, Qiu L. A Long List of Economic Burdens, Bolstered by Dubious Data. New York Times. June 2, 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Emergency Nursing
Abbreviation	J. Emerg. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	0099-1767
Scope	Emergency