How to format your references using the Journal of Economic Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Economic Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McNutt M (2014) A new look. Science 344:781

A journal article with 2 authors

Gallouzi IE, Steitz JA (2001) Delineation of mRNA export pathways by the use of cell-permeable peptides. Science 294:1895–1901

A journal article with 3 authors

Turner GC, Du F, Varshavsky A (2000) Peptides accelerate their uptake by activating a ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway. Nature 405:579–583

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Miller SE, Collins BM, McCoy AJ, et al (2007) A SNARE-adaptor interaction is a new mode of cargo recognition in clathrin-coated vesicles. Nature 450:570–574

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fulton BS (2014) Drug Discovery for the Treatment of Addiction. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Cooper K, Anwaruddin SM (eds) (2016) Student Voice: A Companion to Democracy and Its Discontents. SensePublishers, Rotterdam

A chapter in an edited book

Burton B, Lepp M, Morrison M, O’Toole J (2015) Negative Leaders in School: Extending Ideas from the DRACON Project. In: Lepp M, Morrison M, O’Toole J (eds) Acting to Manage Conflict and Bullying Through Evidence-Based Strategies. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 59–78

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Economic Structures.

Blog post

Taub B (2016) Trauma Of War Alters The Genes Of Child Soldiers To Make Them More Vulnerable To Disease. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/trauma-of-war-alters-the-genes-of-child-soldiers-to-make-them-more-vulnerable-to-disease/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1997) Transportation and Telecommunications Issue Area--Active Assignments. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reyes-Rodriguez GJ (2013) Nucleophilic additions to a para-benzyne derived from an enediyne: Exploring the non-radical reactivity of a diradical. Doctoral dissertation, University of California San Diego

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Anderson J (2017) Pinning Award Hopes on a Powerful Song. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (McNutt 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Gallouzi and Steitz 2001; McNutt 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gallouzi and Steitz 2001)
Three or more authors: (Miller et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Economic Structures
Abbreviation	J. Econ. Struct.
ISSN (online)	2193-2409
Scope