How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical Pathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical Pathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Burnell JB. Astronomy. Pulsars 40 years on. Science. 2007;318:579–81.

A journal article with 2 authors

Folkman J, Camphausen K. Cancer. What does radiotherapy do to endothelial cells? Science. 2001;293:227–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Guo D, Knight TE, McCusker JK. Angular momentum conservation in dipolar energy transfer. Science. 2011;334:1684–7.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Vander Heiden MG, Locasale JW, Swanson KD, et al. Evidence for an alternative glycolytic pathway in rapidly proliferating cells. Science. 2010;329:1492–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Denny HR, Butterworth SJ. A Guide to Canine and Feline Orthopaedic Surgery. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd 2008.

An edited book

Caputo B, Müller H, Syeda-Mahmood T, et al., editors. Medical Content-Based Retrieval for Clinical Decision Support: First MICCAI International Workshop, MCBR-CDS 2009, London, UK, September 20, 2009, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

De la Prieta F, De Paz Santana JF, Gil AB, et al. Retrieving Learning Resources over the Cloud. In: Uden L, Corchado Rodríguez ES, De Paz Santana JF, et al., eds. Workshop on Learning Technology for Education in Cloud (LTEC’12). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer 2012:47–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical Pathology.

Blog post

Andrews R. This Single Drug Will Extend The Lives Of Millions Of Pet Dogs. IFLScience. 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/single-drug-extend-lives-millions-pet-dogs/ (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Mass Transit: FTA Needs to Better Define and Assess Impact of Certain Policies on New Starts Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Coar H. Using mandalas to support grieving female adolescents: A case study. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Eligon J, Alcindor Y, Armendariz A. Tax Credits to House Poor Reinforce Racial Divisions. New York Times. 2017;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Clinical Pathology
Abbreviation	J. Clin. Pathol.
ISSN (print)	0021-9746
ISSN (online)	1472-4146
Scope	General Medicine Pathology and Forensic Medicine