How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical Microbiology (JCM). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Petley DN. 2013. Geophysics. Characterizing giant landslides. Science 339:1395–1396.

A journal article with 2 authors

Miltat J, Thiaville A. 2000. MAGNETISM: Magnets Fast and Small. Science 290:466–467.

A journal article with 3 authors

Velicer GJ, Kroos L, Lenski RE. 2000. Developmental cheating in the social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus. Nature 404:598–601.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Pelkmans L, Fava E, Grabner H, Hannus M, Habermann B, Krausz E, Zerial M. 2005. Genome-wide analysis of human kinases in clathrin- and caveolae/raft-mediated endocytosis. Nature 436:78–86.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bojowald M. 2012. The Universe: A View from Classical and Quantum Gravity. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Stanković S. 2012. Multimedia Signals and Systems. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Oliveira LB, Fernandes JR, Filanovsky IM, Verhoeven CJM, Silva MM. 2008. Quadrature LC-Oscillator, p. 81–98. In Fernandes, JR, Filanovsky, IM, Verhoeven, CJM, Silva, MM (eds.), Analysis and Design of Quadrature Oscillators. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

Blog post

Carpineti C. 2017. This Incredible Futuristic Hoverbike Is Like Something Straight Out Of Star Wars. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/this-incredible-futuristic-hoverbike-is-like-something-straight-out-of-star-wars/. Retrieved 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2010. Higher Education: Stronger Federal Oversight Needed to Enforce Ban on Incentive Payments to School Recruiters. GAO-11-10. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Song H. 2006. Systematics of Cyrtacanthacridinae (Orthoptera: Acrididae) with a Focus on the Genus Schistocerca Stål 1873: Evolution of Locust Phase Polyphenism and Study of Insect Genitalia. Doctoral dissertation. Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Johnson G. 2014. New Truths That Only One Can See. New York Times.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Abbreviation	J. Clin. Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	0095-1137
ISSN (online)	1098-660X
Scope	Microbiology (medical)