How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical Anesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Kessin RH. Microbiology. Sex and sacrifice. Science 2010;330:1487–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Ignés-Mullol J, Schwartz DK. Shear-induced molecular precession in a hexatic Langmuir monolayer. Nature 2001;410:348–51.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Murakoshi H, Wang H, Yasuda R. Local, persistent activation of Rho GTPases during plasticity of single dendritic spines. Nature 2011;472:100–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Parras A, Anta H, Santos-Galindo M, Swarup V, Elorza A, Nieto-González JL, et al. Autism-like phenotype and risk gene mRNA deadenylation by CPEB4 mis-splicing. Nature 2018;560:441–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Lacava A, Bogucki J, Bedrytski A, de Detrich M, Neil B. Professional Scala. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Badonnel R, Koch R, Pras A, Drašar M, Stiller B, editors. Management and Security in the Age of Hyperconnectivity: 10th IFIP WG 6.6 International Conference on Autonomous Infrastructure, Management, and Security, AIMS 2016, Munich, Germany, June 20-23, 2016, Proceedings. vol. 9701. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Inselberg A, Lai PL. Visualization and Data Mining for High Dimensional Data. In: Braslavski P, Karpov N, Worring M, Volkovich Y, Ignatov DI, editors. Information Retrieval: 8th Russian Summer School, RuSSIR 2014, Nizhniy, Novgorod, Russia, August 18-22, 2014, Revised Selected Papers, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015, p. 142–84.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical Anesthesia.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew D. This Photo Of Someone’s Shiny Legs Is An Illusion, And We’re Freaking Out. IFLScience 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Customs Automation: Duties and Other Collections Vulnerable to Fraud and Abuse. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Klochko K. An empirical re-evaluation of the boron isotope/pH proxy in marine carbonates. Doctoral dissertation. University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Crow K. Sharing a Love Affair With Each Other and Artists. New York Times 2003:F33.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Clinical Anesthesia
Abbreviation	J. Clin. Anesth.
ISSN (print)	0952-8180
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine