How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical Anesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Portman ME. You’ll be OK. Science 2015;348:1282.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Pasupathy A, Miller EK. Different time courses of learning-related activity in the prefrontal cortex and striatum. Nature 2005;433:873–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Lyons TW, Reinhard CT, Planavsky NJ. The rise of oxygen in Earth’s early ocean and atmosphere. Nature 2014;506:307–15.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Makarov EM, Makarova OV, Urlaub H, Gentzel M, Will CL, Wilm M, et al. Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein remodeling during catalytic activation of the spliceosome. Science 2002;298:2205–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Heimann RB, Lehmann HD. Bioceramic Coatings for Medical Implants. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Wilson KC. Slurry Transport Using Centrifugal Pumps. Third Edition. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Chen Y, Holtman CK, Taton A, Golden SS. Functional Analysis of the Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 Genome. In: Burnap R, Vermaas W, editors. Functional Genomics and Evolution of Photosynthetic Systems, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2012, p. 119–37.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical Anesthesia.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. Project Blue Aims To Take The First Image Of A Nearby Earth-Like World. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/space/project-blue-aims-to-take-the-first-image-of-a-nearby-earthlike-world/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Traffic Congestion: Federal Efforts to Improve Mobility. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Hernandez I. Strong-DISM: A First Attempt to a Dynamically Typed Assembly Language (D-TAL). Doctoral dissertation. University of South Florida, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Brantley B. A Prince’s Kingdom is Scattered to the Winds. New York Times 2017:C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Clinical Anesthesia
Abbreviation	J. Clin. Anesth.
ISSN (print)	0952-8180
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine