How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical Anesthesia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Lang RF. Astronomy. Fishing for the universe. Science 2010;327:1582–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Camasso NM, Sanford MS. Design, synthesis, and carbon-heteroatom coupling reactions of organometallic nickel(IV) complexes. Science 2015;347:1218–20.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Tuff J, Wade J, Wood BJ. Volcanism on Mars controlled by early oxidation of the upper mantle. Nature 2013;498:342–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Chow BY, Han X, Dobry AS, Qian X, Chuong AS, Li M, et al. High-performance genetically targetable optical neural silencing by light-driven proton pumps. Nature 2010;463:98–102.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Yoder CH, Leber PA, Thomsen MW. The Bridge to Organic Chemistry. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Martí J, Benedí JM, Mendonça AM, Serrat J, editors. Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis: Third Iberian Conference, IbPRIA 2007, Girona, Spain, June 6-8, 2007, Proceedings, Part I. vol. 4477. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Ibach H, Lüth H. Dynamics of Atoms in Crystals. In: Lüth H, editor. Solid-State Physics: An Introduction to Principles of Materials Science, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009, p. 83–112.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical Anesthesia.

Blog post

[1]

Andrews R. Kung Fu Panda Wrestles Intruding Man To Floor In Chinese Zoo. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/kung-fu-panda-wrestles-intruding-man-floor-chinese-zoo/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Costs and Benefits of a Common Strategic Rotary Launcher Should Be Reassessed Before Further Funds Are Available. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1982.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Ji JH. Near-field characteristics of wall jets with tabs. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Wells L. My Life in Pictures. New York Times 2005:656.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Clinical Anesthesia
Abbreviation	J. Clin. Anesth.
ISSN (print)	0952-8180
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine