How to format your references using the Journal of Biomedical Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Biomedical Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Mahaffy PR. Intensive Titan exploration begins. Science. 2005;308:969–70.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Körner C, Basler D. Plant science. Phenology under global warming. Science. 2010;327:1461–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Marangon DG, Vallone G, Villoresi P. Random bits, true and unbiased, from atmospheric turbulence. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5490.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Weber T, Herbig J, Mark M, Nägerl H-C, Grimm R. Bose-Einstein condensation of cesium. Science. 2003;299:232–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Fjeld RA, Eisenberg NA, Compton KL. Quantitative Environmental Risk Analysis for Human Health. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

1. Wiggan G, editor. Dreaming of a Place Called Home: Local and International Perspectives on Teacher Education and School Diversity. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Gwathmey FW, Byrd JWT. Hip Pathology That Can Cause Groin Pain in Athletes: Diagnosis and Management. In: Diduch DR, Brunt LM, editors. Sports Hernia and Athletic Pubalgia: Diagnosis and Treatment. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2014. p. 31–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Biomedical Science.

Blog post

1. Carpineti A. New Antiproton Measurement Deepens Mystery Of Why The Universe Is Made Of Matter [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/new-antiproton-measurement-deepens-mystery-of-why-the-universe-is-made-of-matter/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: Additional Coordination and Performance Measurement Needed for High-Speed Internet Access Programs on Tribal Lands. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016 Jan. Report No.: GAO-16-222.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Rawashdeh MY. A Relational Framework for Clustering and Cluster Validity and the Generalization of the Silhouette Measure [Doctoral dissertation]. [Cincinnati, OH]: University of Cincinnati; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. MacFARQUHAR N. Russia’s Government Does Little as H.I.V. Cases Surpass a Million. New York Times. 2016 Dec 28;A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Biomedical Science
Abbreviation	J. Biomed. Sci.
ISSN (online)	1423-0127
Scope	Cell Biology Clinical Biochemistry Molecular Biology General Medicine Biochemistry, medical Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Pharmacology (medical)

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