How to format your references using the Journal of Applied Electrochemistry citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wang J (2015) Comment on “Crystal structures of translocator protein (TSPO) and mutant mimic of a human polymorphism.” Science 350:519

A journal article with 2 authors

Gilbert DT, Wilson TD (2007) Prospection: experiencing the future. Science 317:1351–1354

A journal article with 3 authors

Kremer M, Brannen C, Glennerster R (2013) The challenge of education and learning in the developing world. Science 340:297–300

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Xia W, Qiu B, Xia D, Zou R (2013) Facile preparation of hierarchically porous carbons from metal-organic gels and their application in energy storage. Sci Rep 3:1935

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Allen DS (2012) Why Plato Wrote. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford, UK

An edited book

Nagy ZP, Varghese AC, Agarwal A (2012) Practical Manual of In Vitro Fertilization: Advanced Methods and Novel Devices. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Klemas VV (2016) Remote Sensing of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation. In: Finkl CW, Makowski C (eds) Seafloor Mapping along Continental Shelves: Research and Techniques for Visualizing Benthic Environments. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 125–140

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Applied Electrochemistry.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2015) 3D Electron Discovery In High-Temperature Superconductor Could Lead To Breakthrough. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/new-discovery-get-us-closer-fully-understand-high-temperature-superconductors/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1994) Highway Contracting: Disadvantaged Business Program Meets Contract Goal, but Refinements Are Needed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Williams RN (2017) Inclusive Classrooms: A Basic Qualitative Study of K-8 Urban Charter School Teachers. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Zernike K (2015) ‘A Crazy Shake.’ Then Metal Tearing, and Chaos. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Applied Electrochemistry
Abbreviation	J. Appl. Electrochem.
ISSN (print)	0021-891X
ISSN (online)	1572-8838
Scope	General Chemical Engineering Electrochemistry Materials Chemistry