How to format your references using the Journal of Academic Ethics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Academic Ethics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kristoufek, L. (2013). Fractal markets hypothesis and the global financial crisis: wavelet power evidence. Scientific reports, 3, 2857.

A journal article with 2 authors

Carvalho, A. B., & Clark, A. G. (2005). Y chromosome of D. pseudoobscura is not homologous to the ancestral Drosophila Y. Science (New York, N.Y.), 307(5706), 108–110.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nakatsuji, S., Kiyohara, N., & Higo, T. (2015). Large anomalous Hall effect in a non-collinear antiferromagnet at room temperature. Nature, 527(7577), 212–215.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Neff, U., Burns, S. J., Mangini, A., Mudelsee, M., Fleitmann, D., & Matter, A. (2001). Strong coherence between solar variability and the monsoon in Oman between 9 and 6 kyr ago. Nature, 411(6835), 290–293.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chen, W., Xiao, H., Wang, Q., Zhao, L., & Zhu, M. (2016). Integrated Vehicle Dynamics and Control. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd.

An edited book

Biere, A., & Gomes, C. P. (Eds.). (2006). Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing - SAT 2006: 9th International Conference, Seattle, WA, USA, August 12-15, 2006. Proceedings (Vol. 4121). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Moriyama, K., Matsumoto, M., Fukui, K.-I., Kurihara, S., & Numao, M. (2007). Reinforcement Learning on a Futures Market Simulator. In N. T. Nguyen, A. Grzech, R. J. Howlett, & L. C. Jain (Eds.), Agent and Multi-Agent Systems: Technologies and Applications: First KES International Symposium, KES-AMSTA 2007, Wroclaw, Poland, May 31– June 1, 2007. Proceedings (pp. 42–52). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Academic Ethics.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015, July 15). Ancient Jellies Had Hard Armor And No Tentacles. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-jellies-had-hard-armor-and-no-tentacles/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1992). NASA: Large Programs May Consume Increasing Share of Limited Future Budgets (No. NSIAD-92-278). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tsang, S. D. (2012). The depth range of azimuthal anisotropy beneath Southern California via analyses of long-period Rayleigh-waves (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lichtblau, E. (2015, December 15). Maryland Man Accused of Tapping Money From ISIS Operatives for a U.S. Attack. New York Times, p. A26.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kristoufek 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Carvalho and Clark 2005; Kristoufek 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Carvalho and Clark 2005)
Three or more authors: (Neff et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Academic Ethics
Abbreviation	J. Acad. Ethics
ISSN (print)	1570-1727
ISSN (online)	1572-8544
Scope	Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Philosophy Education Sociology and Political Science