How to format your references using the Ionics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ionics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mango SE (2011) Ageing: generations of longevity. Nature 479:302–303

A journal article with 2 authors

Dobson DP, Brodholt JP (2005) Subducted banded iron formations as a source of ultralow-velocity zones at the core-mantle boundary. Nature 434:371–374

A journal article with 3 authors

Elbelrhiti H, Claudin P, Andreotti B (2005) Field evidence for surface-wave-induced instability of sand dunes. Nature 437:720–723

A journal article with 5 or more authors

McMahon A, Supatto W, Fraser SE, Stathopoulos A (2008) Dynamic analyses of Drosophila gastrulation provide insights into collective cell migration. Science 322:1546–1550

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

German Concrete and Construction Cl (2011) Beispiele zur Bemessung Nach Eurocode 2. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, D-69451 Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Wyld DC, Wozniak M, Chaki N, et al (2011) Advances in Computing and Information Technology: First International Conference, ACITY 2011, Chennai, India, July 15-17, 2011. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Guckenberger M (2015) Stereotaxic Body Radiotherapy for Stage I NSCLC. In: Peters S, Besse B (eds) New Therapeutic Strategies in Lung Cancers. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 33–48

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ionics.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2016) Mini-Spiral Galaxies Might Tell A Different Dark Matter Story. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/mini-spiral-galaxies-might-tell-a-different-dark-matter-story/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2004) FAA Budget Policies and Practices. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Winton TW (2015) Student and Teacher Perceptions of Standards-based Grading and Student Performance. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Qiu L (2017) On When They Met, and Those Vacancies. New York Times A16

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Ionics
Abbreviation	Ionics (Kiel)
ISSN (print)	0947-7047
ISSN (online)	1862-0760
Scope	General Chemical Engineering General Engineering General Materials Science General Physics and Astronomy