How to format your references using the Investigational New Drugs citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Investigational New Drugs. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zaanen J (2009) Journal club. A theoretical physicist journeys to a hairy black hole’s horizon. Nature 462:15

A journal article with 2 authors

Anderson DM, Archer D (2002) Glacial--interglacial stability of ocean pH inferred from foraminifer dissolution rates. Nature 416:70–73

A journal article with 3 authors

Gestwicki JE, Crabtree GR, Graef IA (2004) Harnessing chaperones to generate small-molecule inhibitors of amyloid beta aggregation. Science 306:865–869

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Hatakeyama T, Dai P, Harada Y, et al (2013) Connexin43 functions as a novel interacting partner of heat shock cognate protein 70. Sci Rep 3:2719

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Anderson JB (2005) Digital Transmission Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Dobre M, Nyden T (2013) Cartesian Empiricisms. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Lipton AM, Marshall CD (2013) Making the Most of the Doctor’s Visit. In: Marshall CD (ed) The Common Sense Guide to Dementia For Clinicians and Caregivers. Springer, New York, NY, pp 43–55

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Investigational New Drugs.

Blog post

Fang J (2016) Why Is Panda Poop Gooey In The Summertime? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/what-are-there-gooey-masses-panda-poop/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1981) Award of Grant by Education. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McCarroll ML (2005) Exercise and Airway Clearing Devices in Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programs for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Jeter J, Bromwich JE, Chokshi N (2016) Wildfires Force Thousands to Flee in East Tennessee. New York Times A18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Investigational New Drugs
Abbreviation	Invest. New Drugs
ISSN (print)	0167-6997
ISSN (online)	1573-0646
Scope	Oncology Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology