How to format your references using the Investigational New Drugs citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Investigational New Drugs. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smetacek V (2002) Microbial food webs. The ocean’s veil. Nature 419:565

A journal article with 2 authors

Mishra SK, Hoon MA (2013) The cells and circuitry for itch responses in mice. Science 340:968–971

A journal article with 3 authors

Woodruff JD, Irish JL, Camargo SJ (2013) Coastal flooding by tropical cyclones and sea-level rise. Nature 504:44–52

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Nemeth E, Tuttle MS, Powelson J, et al (2004) Hepcidin regulates cellular iron efflux by binding to ferroportin and inducing its internalization. Science 306:2090–2093

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bertocchi M, Schwartz SL, Ziemba WT (2010) Optimizing the Aging, Retirement, and Pensions Dilemma. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Baresi L, Heckel R (2006) Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering: 9th International Conference, FASE 2006, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2006, Vienna, Austria, March 27-28, 2006. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Bog A, Sachs K, Zeier A, Plattner H (2012) Normalization in a Mixed OLTP and OLAP Workload Scenario. In: Nambiar R, Poess M (eds) Topics in Performance Evaluation, Measurement and Characterization: Third TPC Technology Conference, TPCTC 2011, Seattle, WA, USA, August 29-September 3, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 67–82

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Investigational New Drugs.

Blog post

Taub B (2016) 60-Year-Old Woman Wins Appeal To Become Pregnant With Dead Daughter’s Eggs. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/60yearold-woman-wins-appeal-to-give-birth-to-dead-daughters-eggs/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2009) Public Transportation: Better Data Needed to Assess Length of New Starts Process, and Options Exist to Expedite Project Development. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Blumenfeld DB (2015) Policy Making and the U.S. Response to Global HIV/AIDS. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Conte L (2011) Scouting Report. New York Times E7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Investigational New Drugs
Abbreviation	Invest. New Drugs
ISSN (print)	0167-6997
ISSN (online)	1573-0646
Scope	Oncology Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology