How to format your references using the Investigational New Drugs citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Investigational New Drugs. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dodt H-U (2015) Microscopy. The superresolved brain. Science 347:474–475

A journal article with 2 authors

Massol F, Crochet P-A (2008) Do animal personalities emerge? Nature 451:E8-9; discussion E9-10

A journal article with 3 authors

Czaplicka A, Holyst JA, Sloot PMA (2013) Noise enhances information transfer in hierarchical networks. Sci Rep 3:1223

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhang L, Wu T, Guo Y, et al (2013) Large-area, flexible imaging arrays constructed by light-charge organic memories. Sci Rep 3:1080

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bai Q, Bai Y, Ruan W (2017) Advances in Pipes and Pipelines. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Lee R, Hu G, Miao H (2009) Computer and Information Science 2009. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Ito U, Hakamata Y, Watabe K, Oyanagi K (2013) Astrocytic Involvement in the Maturation Phenomenon After Temporary Cerebral Ischemia. In: Katayama Y, Maeda T, Kuroiwa T (eds) Brain Edema XV. Springer, Vienna, pp 23–29

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Investigational New Drugs.

Blog post

Davis J (2017) Rate Of New HIV Infection In London Fell By 40 Percent Due To Internet-Bought Drugs. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/rate-of-new-hiv-infection-in-london-fell-by-40-percent-due-to-internetbought-drugs/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1989) Computer Systems: Actions on OMB Recommendations for a Joint Lookout System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bishop-Randol E (2009) Outcomes of the Program of Assertive Community Treatment in Orange County, California. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin J (2016) ‘Westworld’ Creators Speak of Seasons, Spoilers and Patience. New York Times C3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Investigational New Drugs
Abbreviation	Invest. New Drugs
ISSN (print)	0167-6997
ISSN (online)	1573-0646
Scope	Oncology Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology