How to format your references using the Intervirology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Intervirology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wickware P. US minorities stake their claim in science and engineering. Nature. 2000 Jun;405(6787):717–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

Western D, Behrensmeyer AK. Bone assemblages track animal community structure over 40 years in an African savanna ecosystem. Science. 2009 May;324(5930):1061–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

Spinner M, Westhoff G, Gorb SN. Subdigital setae of chameleon feet: friction-enhancing microstructures for a wide range of substrate roughness. Sci Rep. 2014 Jun;4:5481.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kerschensteiner D, Morgan JL, Parker ED, Lewis RM, Wong ROL. Neurotransmission selectively regulates synapse formation in parallel circuits in vivo. Nature. 2009 Aug;460(7258):1016–20.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Alberty RA. Biochemical Thermodynamics: Applications of Mathmatica. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2006.

An edited book

Chiarcos C, Nordhoff S, Hellmann S, editors. Linked Data in Linguistics: Representing and Connecting Language Data and Language Metadata. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Ben Mena T, Bellamine-Ben Saoud N, Ben Ahmed M, Pavard B. Towards a Methodology for Context Sensitive Systems Development. In: Kokinov B, Richardson DC, Roth-Berghofer TR, Vieu L, editors. Modeling and Using Context: 6th International and Interdisciplinary Conference, CONTEXT 2007, Roskilde, Denmark, August 20-24, 2007. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007; pp 56–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Intervirology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Watch A Baby Elephant Fight Off 14 Lionesses [Internet]. IFLScience. 2014 Nov [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/watch-baby-elephant-fight-14-lionesses/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Surface Transportation: Funding Limitations and Barriers To Cross-Modal Decision Making. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Munim A. Studies on the role of vitamin D in asthma patients from a south Florida pulmonary practice. 2013

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hartocollis A, David Goodman J. The Rush to Save Rivers’s Life at a Surgery Clinic. New York Times. 2014 Sep;A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Intervirology
Abbreviation	Intervirology
ISSN (print)	0300-5526
ISSN (online)	1423-0100
Scope	Virology Infectious Diseases