How to format your references using the Intervirology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Intervirology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mace GM. Ecology. Whose conservation? Science. 2014 Sep;345(6204):1558–60.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ji H, Zweibel E. Plasma physics. Understanding particle acceleration in astrophysical plasmas. Science. 2015 Feb;347(6225):944–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Szlufarska I, Nakano A, Vashishta P. A crossover in the mechanical response of nanocrystalline ceramics. Science. 2005 Aug;309(5736):911–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Deng H, Weihs G, Santori C, Bloch J, Yamamoto Y. Condensation of semiconductor microcavity exciton polaritons. Science. 2002 Oct;298(5591):199–202.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Klöpffer W. Verhalten und Abbau von Umweltchemikalien. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2012.

An edited book

Mazzeo A, Bellini R, Motta G, editors. E-Government Ict Professionalism and Competences Service Science. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Gerosa M, Marconi A, Pistore M, Traverso P. An Open Platform for Children’s Independent Mobility. In: Helfert M, Krempels K-H, Klein C, Donellan B, Guiskhin O, editors. Smart Cities, Green Technologies, and Intelligent Transport Systems: 4th International Conference, SMARTGREENS 2015, and 1st International Conference VEHITS 2015, Lisbon, Portugal, May 20-22, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015; pp 50–71.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Intervirology.

Blog post

Carpineti A. How Phobos Got Its Giant Crater [Internet]. IFLScience. 2016 Oct [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-phobos-got-its-giant-crater/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Financial Operations and Activities at Three State-Chartered Agencies in Western Kentucky. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1983.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Blazer AE. “I Am Otherwise”: The Romance Between Poetry and Theory After the Death of the Subject. 2003

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pfaff J. The Justices Need Fact-Checkers. New York Times. 2017 Oct;A27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Intervirology
Abbreviation	Intervirology
ISSN (print)	0300-5526
ISSN (online)	1423-0100
Scope	Virology Infectious Diseases