How to format your references using the International Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Van Overwalle G (2010) Intellectual property. Turning patent swords into shares. Science 330:1630–1631

A journal article with 2 authors

Adesnik H, Scanziani M (2010) Lateral competition for cortical space by layer-specific horizontal circuits. Nature 464:1155–1160

A journal article with 3 authors

Turner S, Evans P, Hawkesworth C (2001) Ultrafast source-to-surface movement of melt at island arcs from 226Ra-230Th systematics. Science 292:1363–1366

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bockrath M, Liang W, Bozovic D, Hafner JH, Lieber CM, Tinkham M, Park H (2001) Resonant electron scattering by defects in single-walled carbon nanotubes. Science 291:283–285

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

de Almeida JPM, Maunder EAW (2017) Equilibrium Finite Element Formulations. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Picot A (2015) The Internationalization of German Software-based Companies: Sustainable Growth Strategies for Small and Medium-sized Companies. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Maher CA, Sran MK, Yankelewitz D (2010) Building an Inductive Argument. In: Maher CA, Powell AB, Uptegrove EB (eds) Combinatorics and Reasoning: Representing, Justifying and Building Isomorphisms. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 45–57

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Microbiology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Remind Me Again, How Does Cannabis Affect The Brain? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/remind-me-again-how-does-cannabis-affect-brain/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1996) Scientific Research: Continued Vigilance Critical to Protecting Human Subjects. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sandoval V (2013) Preventing chronic truancy among Latino high school students: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wong E (2017) Can China Lead Way on Climate Change? Domestic Divide Could Make It Difficult. New York Times A7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [3, 4].
This sentence cites four references [3, 6–8].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Microbiology
Abbreviation	Int. Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	1139-6709
ISSN (online)	1618-1905
Scope	Microbiology Microbiology (medical)