How to format your references using the International Journal of Solids and Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Solids and Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ball, P., 2002. Statistics: the physics of society. Nature 415, 371.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mochida, S., Hunt, T., 2007. Calcineurin is required to release Xenopus egg extracts from meiotic M phase. Nature 449, 336–340.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cheng, Y.-N., Wu, X.-C., Ji, Q., 2004. Triassic marine reptiles gave birth to live young. Nature 432, 383–386.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Deng, Y., Guo, X., Ferguson, D.O., Chang, S., 2009. Multiple roles for MRE11 at uncapped telomeres. Nature 460, 914–918.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Soustelle, M., 2013. Handbook of Heterogenous Kinetics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA.

An edited book

Mutondo, J., 2016. Water Governance Decentralization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Between Myth and Reality, 1st ed. 2016. ed, SpringerBriefs in Water Science and Technology. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Chandrappa, R., Das, D.B., 2012. Materials Recovery and Recycling, in: Das, D.B. (Ed.), Solid Waste Management: Principles and Practice, Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 81–115.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Solids and Structures.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2014. Early Ancestor’s Skull Growth “Not Human-Like” [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1984. Improvements Needed in the Department of the Interior’s Measurement of Offshore Oil for Royalty Purposes (No. RCED-84-78). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Slabaugh, J.L., 2012. The Occurrence of Alternans and Arrhythmias in a Multicellular, Cardiac Preparation (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kovaleski, S.F., Alter, A., Howard, J.C., 2015. Friends, Fans and Now Alabama Debate the State of Harper Lee. New York Times A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ball, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Ball, 2002; Mochida and Hunt, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Mochida and Hunt, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Deng et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Solids and Structures
Abbreviation	Int. J. Solids Struct.
ISSN (print)	0020-7683
Scope	Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials General Materials Science Applied Mathematics Modelling and Simulation Condensed Matter Physics