How to format your references using the International Journal of Paleopathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Paleopathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sweatt, J.D., 2010. Neuroscience. Epigenetics and cognitive aging. Science 328, 701–702.

A journal article with 2 authors

Song, T.-R.A., Simons, M., 2003. Large trench-parallel gravity variations predict seismogenic behavior in subduction zones. Science 301, 630–633.

A journal article with 3 authors

Li de la Sierra-Gallay, I., Pellegrini, O., Condon, C., 2005. Structural basis for substrate binding, cleavage and allostery in the tRNA maturase RNase Z. Nature 433, 657–661.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lee, K.-Y., D’Acquisto, F., Hayden, M.S., Shim, J.-H., Ghosh, S., 2005. PDK1 nucleates T cell receptor-induced signaling complex for NF-kappaB activation. Science 308, 114–118.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

German Geotechnical Society, 2013. Recommendations on Excavations EAB. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, D-69451 Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Puglisi, J. (Ed.), 2007. Structure and Biophysics – New Technologies for Current Challenges in Biology and Beyond, NATO Science Series. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Wang, F., Li, X., Lu, M., Xiao, Z., 2014. Robust Abrupt Motion Tracking via Adaptive Hamiltonian Monte Carlo Sampling, in: Pham, D.-N., Park, S.-B. (Eds.), PRICAI 2014: Trends in Artificial Intelligence: 13th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia, December 1-5, 2014. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 52–63.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Paleopathology.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2016. Planet Earth II Captures The World’s Smallest Snake On Camera [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2003. Satellite Communications: Strategic Approach Needed for DOD’s Procurement of Commercial Satellite Bandwidth (No. GAO-04-206). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stevens, W., 2010. Using emotional intelligence as a leadership strategy to make good leaders great (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G., 2010. St. John’s Takes an Opener, With No Fight From UConn. New York Times B13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Sweatt, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Song and Simons, 2003; Sweatt, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Song and Simons, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Lee et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Paleopathology
Abbreviation	Int. J. Paleopathol.
ISSN (print)	1879-9817
Scope