How to format your references using the International Journal of Mental Health Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Mental Health Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Eichenbaum H. Neuroscience. Dedicated to memory? Science. 2010;330:1331–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Schlesinger WH, Lichter J. Limited carbon storage in soil and litter of experimental forest plots under increased atmospheric CO2. Nature. 2001;411:466–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Sadeghi O, Zakharov LN, Nyman M. Crystal growth. Aqueous formation and manipulation of the iron-oxo Keggin ion. Science. 2015;347:1359–62.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Seemann J, Pypaert M, Taguchi T, Malsam J, Warren G. Partitioning of the matrix fraction of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis in animal cells. Science. 2002;295:848–51.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Berthier J, Brakke KA, Berthier E. Open Microfluidics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

1. Cheng D. Analysis and Control of Boolean Networks: A Semi-tensor Product Approach. Qi H, Li Z, editors. London: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Barton G. Reflective Practice in Music: A Collaborative Professional Approach. In: Ryan ME, editor. Teaching Reflective Learning in Higher Education: A Systematic Approach Using Pedagogic Patterns. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 65–76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Mental Health Systems.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Hubble Takes A Celebratory Snap Of Mars As It Nears Its Closest Approach [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/hubble-take-celebratory-snap-mars-it-nears-its-closest-approach/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Public Transportation: Federal Role in Value Capture Strategies for Transit Is Limited, but Additional Guidance Could Help Clarify Policies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010 Jul. Report No.: GAO-10-781.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Burns D. Measuring the Outcome of At-Risk Students on Biology Standardized Tests When Using Different Instructional Strategies [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Grynbaum MM. Fox News May Add Ingraham and Move Up Hannity. New York Times. 2017 Sep 12;B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Mental Health Systems
Abbreviation	Int. J. Ment. Health Syst.
ISSN (online)	1752-4458
Scope	Health Policy Psychiatry and Mental health Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Phychiatric Mental Health