How to format your references using the International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Buchen, L.: Snapshot: The guts of a dying star. Nature. 460, 671 (2009)

A journal article with 2 authors

Köhler, H.-R., Triebskorn, R.: Wildlife ecotoxicology of pesticides: can we track effects to the population level and beyond? Science. 341, 759–765 (2013)

A journal article with 3 authors

Rust, M.J., Golden, S.S., O’Shea, E.K.: Light-driven changes in energy metabolism directly entrain the cyanobacterial circadian oscillator. Science. 331, 220–223 (2011)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Clarke, G., Leverington, D., Teller, J., Dyke, A.: Paleoclimate. Superlakes, megafloods, and abrupt climate change. Science. 301, 922–923 (2003)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sinaiski, E.G.: Hydromechanics. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany (2011)

An edited book

Chowdhury, M.S.H. ed: Forest conservation in protected areas of Bangladesh: Policy and community development perspectives. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2014)

A chapter in an edited book

Borgaonkar, R., Redon, K., Seifert, J.-P.: Experimental Analysis of the Femtocell Location Verification Techniques. In: Aura, T., Järvinen, K., and Nyberg, K. (eds.) Information Security Technology for Applications: 15th Nordic Conference on Secure IT Systems, NordSec 2010, Espoo, Finland, October 27-29, 2010, Revised Selected Papers. pp. 49–54. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2012)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design.

Blog post

Andrew, D.: Using Electricity, Not Molecules, To Switch Cells On And Off

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Space Station: Resolving Conflict Over Integration Contractor’s Role. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1992)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hayen, C.J.: Canine-Assisted Psychotherapy: Finding the Way Back to Our Animal Soul, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L.: Suffolk County College Is Raising Tuition, (2009)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Buchen 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Buchen 2009; Köhler and Triebskorn 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Köhler and Triebskorn 2013)
Three or more authors: (Clarke et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design
Abbreviation	Int. J. Mech. Mater. Des.
ISSN (print)	1569-1713
ISSN (online)	1573-8841
Scope	Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials General Materials Science