How to format your references using the International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fabry, V.J.: Ocean science. Marine calcifiers in a high-CO2 ocean. Science. 320, 1020–1022 (2008)

A journal article with 2 authors

Pollard, D., DeConto, R.M.: Modelling West Antarctic ice sheet growth and collapse through the past five million years. Nature. 458, 329–332 (2009)

A journal article with 3 authors

Law, R.M., Matear, R.J., Francey, R.J.: Comment on “Saturation of the southern ocean CO2 sink due to recent climate change.” Science. 319, 570; author reply 570 (2008)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ming, L., Jin, F., Huang, P., Luo, H., Liu, W., Zhang, L., Yuan, W., Zhang, Y., Jin, Y.: Licochalcone A up-regulates of FasL in mesenchymal stem cells to strengthen bone formation and increase bone mass. Sci. Rep. 4, 7209 (2014)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lindahl, D.: Trump University Commercial Real Estate 101. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2008)

An edited book

Capcarrère, M.S., Freitas, A.A., Bentley, P.J., Johnson, C.G., Timmis, J. eds: Advances in Artificial Life: 8th European Conference, ECAL 2005, Canterbury, UK, September 5-9, 2005. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2005)

A chapter in an edited book

Kitromilides, Y.: Arab Countries in Transition in the Aftermath of the Great Recession: The Policy Options. In: Arestis, P. and Sawyer, M. (eds.) Emerging Economies During and After the Great Recession. pp. 116–153. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London (2016)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Infrared Camera Shows The Black Leopard of Malaysia Actually Has Spots

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Federal Fleets: Overall Increase in Number of Vehicles Masks That Some Agencies Decreased Their Fleets. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2012)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Smith, J.A.: Functional analysis of ESAT-6 and EspB, two virulence proteins secreted by the ESX-1 system in Mycobacterium marinum, (2010)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Belson, K., Shpigel, B.: Supersized Payback Is in Sight, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Fabry 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Fabry 2008; Pollard and DeConto 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pollard and DeConto 2009)
Three or more authors: (Ming et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design
Abbreviation	Int. J. Mech. Mater. Des.
ISSN (print)	1569-1713
ISSN (online)	1573-8841
Scope	Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials General Materials Science