How to format your references using the International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Abbott, A.: Science in culture: Visual zoology. Historical wall charts found in Pavia. Nature. 421, 580 (2003)

A journal article with 2 authors

Gao, G.F., Feng, Y.: On the ground in Sierra Leone. Science. 346, 666 (2014)

A journal article with 3 authors

Bußhardt, P., Kunze, D., Gorb, S.N.: Interlocking-based attachment during locomotion in the beetle Pachnoda marginata (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Sci. Rep. 4, 6998 (2014)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Jo, G.-B., Lee, Y.-R., Choi, J.-H., Christensen, C.A., Kim, T.H., Thywissen, J.H., Pritchard, D.E., Ketterle, W.: Itinerant ferromagnetism in a Fermi gas of ultracold atoms. Science. 325, 1521–1524 (2009)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Horton, I.: Ivor Horton’s Beginning Visual C++® 2012. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2012)

An edited book

Sampaolesi, R.: The Glaucomas: Volume I - Pediatric Glaucomas. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2009)

A chapter in an edited book

Greeff, M.: Disclosure and Stigma: A Cultural Perspective. In: Liamputtong, P. (ed.) Stigma, Discrimination and Living with HIV/AIDS: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. pp. 71–95. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht (2013)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design.

Blog post

Andrew, D.: Drugs Fatalities Overtake Car Fatalities For The First Time

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Transportation Security: Transportation Security Administration Has Strengthened Planning to Guide Investments in Key Aviation and Surface Transportation Security Programs, but More Work Remains. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2008)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Austin, J.H.: Performing the past: Two pageant traditions in Nauvoo, Illinois, (2015)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart, J.B.: Tax Reform for the Wealthy: Lower Rates but Lose Breaks, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Abbott 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Abbott 2003; Gao and Feng 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gao and Feng 2014)
Three or more authors: (Jo et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design
Abbreviation	Int. J. Mech. Mater. Des.
ISSN (print)	1569-1713
ISSN (online)	1573-8841
Scope	Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials General Materials Science