How to format your references using the International Journal of Engineering Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Engineering Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Thomas, C. (2009). Plant bar code soon to become reality. Science (New York, N.Y.), 325(5940), 526.

A journal article with 2 authors

Clauset, A., & Erwin, D. H. (2008). The evolution and distribution of species body size. Science (New York, N.Y.), 321(5887), 399–401.

A journal article with 3 authors

He, X., Gao, L., & Ma, N. (2013). One-step instant synthesis of protein-conjugated quantum dots at room temperature. Scientific Reports, 3, 2825.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Shao, S., Wang, J., Misra, A., & Hoagland, R. G. (2013). Spiral patterns of dislocations at nodes in (111) semi-coherent FCC interfaces. Scientific Reports, 3, 2448.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Davison, M. (2011). Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Mukhopadhyay, C., Akhilesh, K. B., Srinivasan, R., Gurtoo, A., Ramachandran, P., Iyer, P. P., Mathirajan, M., & Bala Subrahmanya, M. H. (Eds.). (2013). Driving the Economy through Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Emerging Agenda for Technology Management. Springer India.

A chapter in an edited book

Maggiori, L., & Panis, Y. (2014). Low Anterior Resection and Total Mesorectal Excision. In W. L. Law & C. P. Delaney (Eds.), Single Incision Laparoscopic and Transanal Colorectal Surgery (pp. 35–40). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Engineering Science.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, October 3). Humans, Not Larger Predators, To Blame For Cheetah Decline. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/humans-not-larger-predators-blame-cheetah-decline/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2013). Biomedical Research: NIH Should Assess the Impact of Growth in Indirect Costs on Its Mission (GAO-13-760). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Short, D. D. (2009). Assessing effectiveness and economic efficiency in California Community College transfer advising [Doctoral dissertation]. Northcentral University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario, B. (2016, August 23). ‘Suicide Squad’ Soundtrack Is No. 1 Again. New York Times, C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Thomas, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Clauset & Erwin, 2008; Thomas, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Clauset & Erwin, 2008)
Three authors: (He et al., 2013)
6 or more authors: (Shao et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Engineering Science
Abbreviation	Int. J. Eng. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0020-7225
Scope	General Engineering