How to format your references using the International Journal of Electronics Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Electronics Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bergman, L. (2005). Damned if you don’t. Nature, 435(7044), 1002.

A journal article with 2 authors

Maechler, P., & Wollheim, C. B. (2001). Mitochondrial function in normal and diabetic beta-cells. Nature, 414(6865), 807–812.

A journal article with 3 authors

Giovannoni, S., Temperton, B., & Zhao, Y. (2013). Giovannoni et al. reply. Nature, 499(7459), E4-5.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Bayrakci, S. P., Keller, T., Habicht, K., & Keimer, B. (2006). Spin-wave lifetimes throughout the Brillouin zone. Science (New York, N.Y.), 312(5782), 1926–1929.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Levin, M. A., & Kalal, T. T. (2005). Improving Product Reliability. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Reidsma, D., Choi, I., & Bargar, R. (Eds.). (2014). Intelligent Technologies for Interactive Entertainment: 6th International Conference, INTETAIN 2014, Chicago, IL, USA, July 9-11, 2014. Proceedings (Vol. 136). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Armando, A., Bonacina, M. P., Ranise, S., & Schulz, S. (2005). On a Rewriting Approach to Satisfiability Procedures: Extension, Combination of Theories and an Experimental Appraisal. In B. Gramlich (Ed.), Frontiers of Combining Systems: 5th International Workshop, FroCoS 2005, Vienna, Austria, September 19-21, 2005. Proceedings (pp. 65–80). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Electronics Letters.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016, June 24). Nanotechnology Could Make Our Food Tastier And Healthier – But Can We Stomach It? IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/nanotechnology-could-make-our-food-tastier-and-healthier-but-can-we-stomach-it/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1997). Transportation Infrastructure: States’ Implementation of Transportation Management Systems (RCED-97-32). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hernandez, L. (2009). A culturally sensitive mentorship program for foster youth: A grant proposal [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin, J. (2017, June 29). Van Susteren Is Let Go From MSNBC. New York Times, B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bergman, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Bergman, 2005; Maechler & Wollheim, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Maechler & Wollheim, 2001)
Three authors: (Giovannoni et al., 2013)
6 or more authors: (Bayrakci et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Electronics Letters
Abbreviation	Int. J. Electron. Lett.
ISSN (print)	2168-1724
ISSN (online)	2168-1732
Scope