How to format your references using the Frontiers in Microbiotechnology, Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Microbiotechnology, Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Koen, D. (2005). Nuts and bolts. Networking for introverts. Nature 434, 120.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chen, D., and Savidge, T. (2015). BIOPHYSICS. Comment on “Extreme electric fields power catalysis in the active site of ketosteroid isomerase.” Science 349, 936.

A journal article with 3 authors

Navarro-González, R., McKay, C. P., and Mvondo, D. N. (2001). A possible nitrogen crisis for Archaean life due to reduced nitrogen fixation by lightning. Nature 412, 61–64.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Calvo, M. R., Fernández-Rossier, J., Palacios, J. J., Jacob, D., Natelson, D., and Untiedt, C. (2009). The Kondo effect in ferromagnetic atomic contacts. Nature 458, 1150–1153.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Soustelle, M. (2011). An Introduction to Chemical Kinetics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Aston, P. J., Mulholland, A. J., and Tant, K. M. M. eds. (2016). UK Success Stories in Industrial Mathematics. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Santos, J. E., and Gauzellino, P. M. (2016). “Absorbing boundary conditions in elastic and poroelastic media,” in Numerical Simulation in Applied Geophysics, ed. P. M. Gauzellino (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 97–119.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Microbiotechnology, Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation.

Blog post

Evans, K. (2016). Indonesia First Country To Receive EU’s New Timber Licence To Combat Illegal Logging. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/indonesia-first-country-to-receive-new-timber-license-to-combat-illegal-logging/ [Accessed October 30, 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999). Information Security: Many NASA Missions-Critical Systems Face Serious Risks. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Monforton, C. (2008). Evaluation of the impact of a mandatory safety training regulation on occupational injury and fatality rates among U.S. stone, sand and gravel miners.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Southall, A., and Schweber, N. (2016). Robbery Suspect Trying to Hide During Roundup Falls to His Death. New York Times, A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Koen, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Koen, 2005; Chen and Savidge, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Chen and Savidge, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Calvo et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Microbiotechnology, Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation
Abbreviation	Front. Microbiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-302X
Scope	Microbiology Microbiology (medical)

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