How to format your references using the International Journal for Equity in Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal for Equity in Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Raizen MG. Comprehensive control of atomic motion. Science. 2009;324:1403–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Weiss RB, Atkins JF. Molecular biology. Translation goes global. Science. 2011;334:1509–10.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Suzuki N, Nishiura M, Wakatsuki Y. Isolation and structural characterization of 1-zirconacyclopent-3-yne, five-membered cyclic alkynes. Science. 2002;295:660–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Wagner FE, Haslbeck S, Stievano L, Calogero S, Pankhurst QA, Martinek KP. Before striking gold in gold-ruby glass. Nature. 2000;407:691–2.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Stacey WM. Fusion Plasma Physics. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2012.

An edited book

1. Scholz F, editor. Electrochemistry in a Divided World: Innovations in Eastern Europe in the 20th Century. 1st ed. 2015. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Paull L, Saeedi G. S, Seto M, Li H. A Multi-agent Framework with MOOS-IvP for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles with Sidescan Sonar Sensors. In: Kamel M, Karray F, Gueaieb W, Khamis A, editors. Autonomous and Intelligent Systems: Second International Conference, AIS 2011, Burnaby, BC, Canada, June 22-24, 2011 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 41–50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal for Equity in Health.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Plants Use Neurotransmitter To Signal Stress [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/plants-use-neurotransmitter-signal-stress/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Tax Systems Modernization: Comments on IRS’ Portion of President’s Request for Fiscal Year 1993 Supplemental Funds. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993 Feb. Report No.: T-IMTEC-93-1.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Cisewski J. Generalized fiducial inference for mixed linear models [Doctoral dissertation]. [Chapel Hill, NC]: University of North Carolina; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Rubin AJ. Economy Idle, France Relaxes Its Labor Law. New York Times. 2017 Aug 31;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal for Equity in Health
Abbreviation	Int. J. Equity Health
ISSN (online)	1475-9276
Scope	Health Policy Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health