How to format your references using the Interactive Learning Environments citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Interactive Learning Environments. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cyranoski, D. (2002). Japan plans web of English journals. Nature, 419(6910), 868.

A journal article with 2 authors

Iyer, S. M., & Delp, S. L. (2014). Neuroscience. Optogenetic regeneration. Science (New York, N.Y.), 344(6179), 44–45.

A journal article with 3 authors

Arce, S. H., Wu, P.-H., & Tseng, Y. (2013). Fast and accurate automated cell boundary determination for fluorescence microscopy. Scientific Reports, 3, 2266.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Freedman, D. J., Riesenhuber, M., Poggio, T., & Miller, E. K. (2001). Categorical representation of visual stimuli in the primate prefrontal cortex. Science (New York, N.Y.), 291(5502), 312–316.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bradley, D. (2015). Managing Minor Musculoskeletal Injuries and Conditions. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Rashid, A., & Aksit, M. (Eds.). (2006). Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development II (Vol. 4242). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Halpin, H., Hayes, P. J., & Thompson, H. S. (2015). When owl:sameAs isn’t the Same Redux: Towards a Theory of Identity, Context, and Inference on the Semantic Web. In H. Christiansen, I. Stojanovic, & G. A. Papadopoulos (Eds.), Modeling and Using Context: 9th International and Interdisciplinary Conference, CONTEXT 2015, Lanarca, Cyprus, November 2-6,2015. Proceedings (pp. 47–60). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Interactive Learning Environments.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016, August 10). 11 Surprising Things That Your Physical Appearance Says About You. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/eleven-surprising-things-that-your-physical-appearance-says-about-you/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1996). Central Artery/Tunnel Project: Cost and Financing (T-RCED-96-218). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lowrance, T. L. (2017). Exploring the Four Modes of Organizational Forgetting in an Organization Post Acquisition [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2002, April 24). Gallery? Studio? Home? Blurring the Lines, Artists Paint and Sell. New York Times, G23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cyranoski, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Cyranoski, 2002; Iyer & Delp, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Iyer & Delp, 2014)
Three authors: (Arce et al., 2013)
6 or more authors: (Freedman et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Interactive Learning Environments
Abbreviation	Interact. Learn. Environ.
ISSN (print)	1049-4820
ISSN (online)	1744-5191
Scope	Computer Science Applications Education