How to format your references using the Injury Prevention citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Injury Prevention. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gosden C. Archaeology. When humans arrived in the New Guinea Highlands. Science. 2010;330:41–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

Rowland JM, Emlen DJ. Two thresholds, three male forms result in facultative male trimorphism in beetles. Science. 2009;323:773–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Burke MD, Berger EM, Schreiber SL. Generating diverse skeletons of small molecules combinatorially. Science. 2003;302:613–8.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Koide S, Huang X, Link K, et al. Design of single-layer beta-sheets without a hydrophobic core. Nature. 2000;403:456–60.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lhabitant F-S. Hedge Funds. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd 2004.

An edited book

Berkling K, Joseph M, Meyer B, et al., editors. Software Engineering Approaches for Offshore and Outsourced Development: Second International Conference, SEAFOOD 2008, Zurich, Switzerland, July 2-3, 2008. Revised Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Rondina MT, Schwertz H. Morphogenesis of Platelets in the Circulation. In: Schulze H, Italiano J, eds. Molecular and Cellular Biology of Platelet Formation: Implications in Health and Disease. Cham: Springer International Publishing 2016:115–29.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Injury Prevention.

Blog post

Fang J. Doctors Announce World’s First Successful Penis Transplant. IFLScience. 2015. (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Evaluation of NASA Comments on Consolidated Space Operations Center. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1982.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Magner TJ. Performance and leadership in multiplayer online gaming. 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Petke Departs, Certain He Gave All That He Could. New York Times. 2010;SP9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Injury Prevention
Abbreviation	Inj. Prev.
ISSN (print)	1353-8047
ISSN (online)	1475-5785
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health