How to format your references using the Injury Prevention citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Injury Prevention. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Harley D. Scholarly communication: cultural contexts, evolving models. Science. 2013;342:80–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hartley RR, Behringer RP. Logarithmic rate dependence of force networks in sheared granular materials. Nature. 2003;421:928–31.

A journal article with 3 authors

DeBose JL, Lema SC, Nevitt GA. Dimethylsulfoniopropionate as a foraging cue for reef fishes. Science. 2008;319:1356.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Eggan K, Jurga S, Gosden R, et al. Ovulated oocytes in adult mice derive from non-circulating germ cells. Nature. 2006;441:1109–14.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chance DM. Essays in Derivatives. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2008.

An edited book

Ortuño F, Rojas I, editors. Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering: Third International Conference, IWBBIO 2015, Granada, Spain, April 15-17, 2015, Proceedings, Part I. Cham: Springer International Publishing 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Figueiredo M. The Universal Nature of Human Rights: The Brazilian Stance Within Latin America’s Human Rights Scenario. In: Arnold R, ed. The Universalism of Human Rights. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands 2013:81–101.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Injury Prevention.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. New Horizons Returns Stunning Image Of Charon That Includes A ‘Mountain In A Moat’. IFLScience. 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/space/new-horizons-returns-stunning-close-image-charon-includes-mountain-moat/ (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Forest Service Not Ready to Acquire a Nationwide Geographic Information System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tajer SA. Topics in MIMO networks. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy MJO. Predicting the Staying Power of ‘The Jungle Book’. New York Times. 2016;C26.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Injury Prevention
Abbreviation	Inj. Prev.
ISSN (print)	1353-8047
ISSN (online)	1475-5785
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health