How to format your references using the Injury citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Injury. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Beall J. Predatory publishers are corrupting open access. Nature 2012;489:179.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Zhang G, David Lou XW. Controlled growth of NiCo₂O₄ nanorods and ultrathin nanosheets on carbon nanofibers for high-performance supercapacitors. Sci Rep 2013;3:1470.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Glaser A, Barak B, Goldston RJ. A zero-knowledge protocol for nuclear warhead verification. Nature 2014;510:497–502.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Bull ID, Parekh NR, Hall GH, Ineson P, Evershed RP. Detection and classification of atmospheric methane oxidizing bacteria in soil. Nature 2000;405:175–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Canham J, Bennett J. Mentorship in Community Nursing: Challenges and Opportunities. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd; 2008.

An edited book

[1]

Williams RA, editor. Healthcare Disparities at the Crossroads with Healthcare Reform. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Parizel PM, Tanghe H, Hofman PAM. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain. In: Reimer P, Parizel PM, Stichnoth F-A, editors. Clinical MR Imaging: A Practical Approach, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006, p. 77–146.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Injury.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. New Images Show Sparks Literally Fly When Egg And Sperm Unite. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/new-images-show-sparks-literally-fly-when-egg-and-sperm-unite/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Higher Education: Issues Related to Law School Accreditation. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Wilkerson MR. The Relationship Between Caring School Community Program Implementation and Elementary Student Achievement. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University, 2011.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Wagner J. ‘Madman’ On Mound, Coolheaded Off the Field. New York Times 2017:B12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Injury
Abbreviation	Injury
ISSN (print)	0020-1383
Scope	Emergency Medicine Orthopedics and Sports Medicine