How to format your references using the IHJ Cardiovascular Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IHJ Cardiovascular Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stith JE. When I was your age. Nature. 2000;407(6800):23.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mokranjac D, Neupert W. Cell biology: Architecture of a protein entry gate. Nature. 2015;528(7581):201-202.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kaib NA, Raymond SN, Duncan M. Planetary system disruption by Galactic perturbations to wide binary stars. Nature. 2013;493(7432):381-384.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Tanaka S, Sugiura T, Yamashita S, Dohi Y, Kimura G, Ohte N. Differential response of central blood pressure to isometric and isotonic exercises. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5439.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cousley RRJ. The Orthodontic Mini-Implant Clinical Handbook. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2013.

An edited book

Isakov V, ed. Sobolev Spaces in Mathematics III: Applications in Mathematical Physics. Vol 10. Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Ferronsky VI, Denisik SA, Ferronsky SV. Perturbed Virial Oscillations of a System. In: Denisik SA, Ferronsky SV, eds. Jacobi Dynamics: A Unified Theory with Applications to Geophysics, Celestial Mechanics, Astrophysics and Cosmology. Astrophysics and Space Science Library. Springer Netherlands; 2011:123-137.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IHJ Cardiovascular Case Reports.

Blog post

Andrews R. World’s Ten Most Dangerous Volcanoes Identified. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Railroad Bridges and Tunnels: Federal Role in Providing Safety Oversight and Freight Infrastructure Investment Could Be Better Targeted. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Briseno AR. Improving School Performance through Family Involvement: A Grant Project. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Belson K, Pilon M. Felix’s 200-Meter Win May Help Settle the 100. New York Times. July 1, 2012:SP7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	IHJ Cardiovascular Case Reports
ISSN (print)	2468-600X
Scope