How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

T. J. Hope, “VIROLOGY. Visualizing trans-infection,” Science, vol. 350, no. 6260, pp. 511–512, Oct. 2015.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

K. Bahr and F. Simpson, “Electrical anisotropy below slow- and fast-moving plates: paleoflow in the upper mantle?,” Science, vol. 295, no. 5558, pp. 1270–1272, Feb. 2002.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. G. Vander Heiden, L. C. Cantley, and C. B. Thompson, “Understanding the Warburg effect: the metabolic requirements of cell proliferation,” Science, vol. 324, no. 5930, pp. 1029–1033, May 2009.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

E. S. Witze, E. S. Litman, G. M. Argast, R. T. Moon, and N. G. Ahn, “Wnt5a control of cell polarity and directional movement by polarized redistribution of adhesion receptors,” Science, vol. 320, no. 5874, pp. 365–369, Apr. 2008.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A. B. Rubin, Fundamentals of Biophysics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014.

An edited book

[1]

O. Stanger, Ed., Water Soluble Vitamins: Clinical Research and Future Application, vol. 56. in Subcellular Biochemistry, vol. 56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

D. M. Charron, J. Chen, and G. Zheng, “Theranostic Lipid Nanoparticles for Cancer Medicine,” in Nanotechnology-Based Precision Tools for the Detection and Treatment of Cancer, C. A. Mirkin, T. J. Meade, S. H. Petrosko, and A. H. Stegh, Eds., in Cancer Treatment and Research. , Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015, pp. 103–127.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, “Study Confirms Earthquakes In Ohio Were Triggered By Fracking,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/study-confirms-series-small-earthquakes-ohio-were-triggered-fracking/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “National Airspace System: Setting On-Time Performance Targets at Congested Airports Could Help Focus FAA’s Actions,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-10-542, May 2010.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C. Breckenridge, “Measuring Object and Attribute Salience in 2014 Illinois Gubernatorial Endorsements,” Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. Hodara, “Using Their Artistic Vision to Pierce Iran’s Veil,” New York Times, p. WE7, Mar. 20, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy
ISSN (print)	1949-3029
Scope	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment