How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. P. Hassett, “Chemistry. Dissolved natural organic matter as a microreactor,” Science, vol. 311, no. 5768, pp. 1723–1724, Mar. 2006.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

T. H. P. Harvey and N. J. Butterfield, “Sophisticated particle-feeding in a large Early Cambrian crustacean,” Nature, vol. 452, no. 7189, pp. 868–871, Apr. 2008.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

I. A. Chen, R. W. Roberts, and J. W. Szostak, “The emergence of competition between model protocells,” Science, vol. 305, no. 5689, pp. 1474–1476, Sep. 2004.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

J. W. T. Hessels, S. M. Ransom, I. H. Stairs, P. C. C. Freire, V. M. Kaspi, and F. Camilo, “A radio pulsar spinning at 716 Hz,” Science, vol. 311, no. 5769, pp. 1901–1904, Mar. 2006.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M. A. Brown and L. Kaplan, The Advanced Practice Registered Nurse as a Prescriber. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2012.

An edited book

[1]

K. I. Bland, M. W. Büchler, A. Csendes, M. G. Sarr, O. J. Garden, and J. Wong, Eds., General Surgery. London: Springer, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

P. Burger, A. Bouquet, and M. J. Striem, “Grape Breeding,” in Breeding Plantation Tree Crops: Tropical Species, S. M. Jain and P. M. Priyadarshan, Eds., New York, NY: Springer, 2009, pp. 161–189.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, “How Much Sugar Is It OK To Eat?,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/how-much-sugar-it-ok-eat/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Central Artery/Tunnel Project,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, RCED-95-213R, Jun. 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K. M. Mann, “Evaluation of Transfer Technologies to Preserve Shoulder Function in SCI,” Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. J. O. Murphy, “Weekend Entertainments From the Archives of The New York Times,” New York Times, p. C31, May 15, 2015.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1]–[4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy
ISSN (print)	1949-3029
Scope	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment