How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Robotics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Robotics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. Mishra, “Having it all,” Science, vol. 345, no. 6200, p. 1090, Aug. 2014.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J. A. Labinger and J. E. Bercaw, “Understanding and exploiting C-H bond activation,” Nature, vol. 417, no. 6888, pp. 507–514, May 2002.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Oxborrow, J. D. Breeze, and N. M. Alford, “Room-temperature solid-state maser,” Nature, vol. 488, no. 7411, pp. 353–356, Aug. 2012.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

V. Torres et al., “Mid-infrared plasmonic inductors: enhancing inductance with meandering lines,” Sci. Rep., vol. 4, p. 3592, Jan. 2014.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

I. S. Kulaev, V. M. Vagabov, and T. V. Kulakovskaya, The Biochemistry of Inorganic Polyphosphates. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005.

An edited book

[1]

M. Griebel and M. A. Schweitzer, Eds., Meshfree Methods for Partial Differential Equations VI, vol. 89. in Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering, vol. 89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

M. Pelikan and D. E. Goldberg, “Hierarchical Bayesian Optimization Algorithm,” in Scalable Optimization via Probabilistic Modeling, M. Pelikan, K. Sastry, and E. CantúPaz, Eds., in Studies in Computational Intelligence. , Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2006, pp. 63–90.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Robotics.

Blog post

[1]

K. Evans, “Welsh Farmer Accidentally Creates World’s Hottest Chili,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/welsh-farmer-accidentally-creates-worlds-hottest-chili/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “U.S. General Accounting Office Strategic Plan for Administrative ADP Systems, 1981-85,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 092315, Nov. 1980.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C. Panjabi, “Real and imagined immigrant identities in the public sphere: Representations of South Asian women in literary and television media,” Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

L. Greenhouse, “Sect Allowed to Import Its Hallucinogenic Tea,” New York Times, p. A14, Feb. 22, 2006.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Robotics
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Robot.
ISSN (print)	1552-3098
Scope	Computer Science Applications Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering