How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Robotics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Robotics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

S. DeWeerdt, “Bacteriology: a caring culture,” Nature, vol. 504, no. 7480, pp. S4-5, Dec. 2013.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

R. M. Cook-Deegan and S. J. McCormack, “Intellectual property. Patents, secrecy, and DNA,” Science, vol. 293, no. 5528, p. 217, Jul. 2001.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

N. Rybczynski, M. R. Dawson, and R. H. Tedford, “A semi-aquatic Arctic mammalian carnivore from the Miocene epoch and origin of Pinnipedia,” Nature, vol. 458, no. 7241, pp. 1021–1024, Apr. 2009.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

G. Olguin, C. Yacou, S. Smart, and J. C. D. da Costa, “Tailoring the oxidation state of cobalt through halide functionality in sol-gel silica,” Sci. Rep., vol. 3, p. 2449, 2013.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

H. Pasternak, H.-U. Hoch, and D. Füg, Stahltragwerke im Industriebau. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010.

An edited book

[1]

D. Cao and S. White, Eds., Animal Law and Welfare - International Perspectives, 1st ed. 2016., vol. 53. in Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice, vol. 53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

E. M. Bitner-Gregersen, L. I. Eide, T. Hørte, and R. Skjong, “Summary of Past and Future Climate Change,” in Ship and Offshore Structure Design in Climate Change Perspective, L. I. Eide, T. Hørte, and R. Skjong, Eds., in SpringerBriefs in Climate Studies. , Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2013, pp. 39–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Robotics.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, “Wearable Sweat Tests Could Be Pain-Free Future Of Controlling Diabetes,” IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Federal Research Grants: Opportunities Remain for Agencies to Streamline Administrative Requirements,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-16-573, Jun. 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

D. L. McAvoy, “Coming of age with Shakespeare: The convergence of American youth culture and high culture since the 1980s,” Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. Hodara, “Taking in the History of a City Shaped by the Sea,” New York Times, p. CT10, Aug. 17, 2014.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Robotics
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Robot.
ISSN (print)	1552-3098
Scope	Computer Science Applications Control and Systems Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering