How to format your references using the Human Microbiome Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Human Microbiome Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Nimis PL. A tale from Bioutopia. Nature 2001;413:21.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Bowen DG, Walker CM. Adaptive immune responses in acute and chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Nature 2005;436:946–52.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Glaser A, Barak B, Goldston RJ. A zero-knowledge protocol for nuclear warhead verification. Nature 2014;510:497–502.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Wagner U, Gais S, Haider H, Verleger R, Born J. Sleep inspires insight. Nature 2004;427:352–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Liu S-C, Delbruck T, Indiveri G, Whatley A, Douglas R. Event-Based Neuromorphic Systems. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Gallucci M. Radiographic Atlas of Skull and Brain Anatomy. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Fujita T, Ichikawa J. Syntheses, Properties, and Applications of Fluorinated Isoquinolines. In: Nenajdenko V, editor. Fluorine in Heterocyclic Chemistry Volume 2: 6-Membered Heterocycles, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014, p. 181–210.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Human Microbiome Journal.

Blog post

[1]

Hale T. See Inside A Hyperloop Pod For The First Time. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/what-hyperloop-might-look-inside/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. National Transportation Safety Board’s Implementation of GAO Recommendations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Stanton B. On location: Race and family in the poetry of Sonia Sanchez, June Jordan, and Cathy Song. Doctoral dissertation. Indiana University, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Dynarski S. A Conveyor Belt of Dropouts and Debt. New York Times 2016:BU6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Human Microbiome Journal
ISSN (print)	2452-2317
Scope	Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)