How to format your references using the Human Microbiome Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Human Microbiome Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Sherratt DJ. Bacterial chromosome dynamics. Science 2003;301:780–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Gudmundsson A, Mohajeri N. Entropy and order in urban street networks. Sci Rep 2013;3:3324.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

McMichael AJ, Butler CD, Folke C. New visions for addressing sustainability. Science 2003;302:1919–20.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Yamamoto M, Stopa M, Tokura Y, Hirayama Y, Tarucha S. Negative Coulomb drag in a one-dimensional wire. Science 2006;313:204–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Rogers DW. Concise Physical Chemistry. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Wieder P, Butler JM, Theilmann W, Yahyapour R, editors. Service Level Agreements for Cloud Computing. New York, NY: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Mills PR. Folk Housing in the Middle of the Pacific: Architectural Lime, Creolized Ideologies, and Expressions of Power in Nineteenth-Century Hawaii. In: White C, editor. The Materiality of Individuality: Archaeological Studies of Individual Lives, New York, NY: Springer US; 2009, p. 75–91.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Human Microbiome Journal.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Check Out These GLOWING Fish! IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/check-out-these-glowing-fish/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Transportation Security Administration: TSA Executive Attrition Has Declined, but Better Information Is Needed on Reasons for Leaving and Executive Hiring Process. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Tabares M. Comprehensive skills program for emancipated foster youth: A grant thesis project. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

St. John Kelly E. Ghosts Of Montero, By the Sea. New York Times 1995:134.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Human Microbiome Journal
ISSN (print)	2452-2317
Scope	Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)