How to format your references using the Heliyon citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Heliyon. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R. Murenzi, Give the new generation a chance, Nature 474 (2011) 543.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M. Poliakoff, P. King, Phenomenal fluids, Nature 412 (2001) 125.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

A.A. Armstrong, F. Mohideen, C.D. Lima, Recognition of SUMO-modified PCNA requires tandem receptor motifs in Srs2, Nature 483 (2012) 59–63.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Z. Darieva, R. Bulmer, A. Pic-Taylor, K.S. Doris, M. Geymonat, S.G. Sedgwick, B.A. Morgan, A.D. Sharrocks, Polo kinase controls cell-cycle-dependent transcription by targeting a coactivator protein, Nature 444 (2006) 494–498.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

J.A. Hoschette, The Engineer’s Career Guide, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2010.

An edited book

[1]

R. Lee, N. Ishii, eds., Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

V.A. Harvey, The ethics of belief and two conceptions of christian faith, in: E.T. Long, P. Horn (Eds.), Ethics of Belief: Essays in Tribute to D.Z. Phillips, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2008: pp. 39–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Heliyon.

Blog post

[1]

B. Taub, Having Sex Before Sport Doesn’t Affect Performance, Study Finds, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/having-sex-before-sport-doesnt-affect-performance/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Transit Grants: Need for Improved Predictability, Data, and Monitoring in Application Processing, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2000.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

M.O. Wead, Fear and Doubt, Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Rothenberg, The Matches at Indian Wells Come With a Generous Serving of Opulence, New York Times (2017) SP6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Heliyon
Abbreviation	Heliyon
ISSN (print)	2405-8440
Scope