How to format your references using the HEC Forum citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for HEC Forum. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Eyre-Walker, A. (2006). Evolution. Size does not matter for mitochondrial DNA. Science (New York, N.Y.), 312(5773), 537–538.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tans, S. J., & Dekker, C. (2000). Potential modulations along carbon nanotubes. Nature, 404(6780), 834–835.

A journal article with 3 authors

Connors, M., Wiegert, P., & Veillet, C. (2011). Earth’s Trojan asteroid. Nature, 475(7357), 481–483.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Demers-Carpentier, V., Goubert, G., Masini, F., Lafleur-Lambert, R., Dong, Y., Lavoie, S., et al. (2011). Direct observation of molecular preorganization for chirality transfer on a catalyst surface. Science (New York, N.Y.), 334(6057), 776–780.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hackshaw, A. (2014). A Concise Guide to Observational Studies in Healthcare. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Adrian, L., & Löffler, F. E. (Eds.). (2016). Organohalide-Respiring Bacteria. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Inverardi, P. (2007). Software of the Future Is the Future of Software? In U. Montanari, D. Sannella, & R. Bruni (Eds.), Trustworthy Global Computing: Second Symposium, TGC 2006, Lucca, Italy, November 7-9, 2006, Revised Selected Papers (pp. 69–85). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for HEC Forum.

Blog post

Andrews, R. (2015, October 20). Oslo To Combat Climate Change By Going Traffic-Free By 2019. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1989). P.L. 480 Title I Transportation Issues (No. T-NSIAD-90-8). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Strickland, K. C. (2012). A historical analysis of the AIDS epidemic in South Africa (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. (2012, April 8). Pondering Curses at Chavez Ravine. New York Times, p. SP2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Eyre-Walker 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Eyre-Walker 2006; Tans and Dekker 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tans and Dekker 2000)
Three or more authors: (Demers-Carpentier et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	HEC Forum
Abbreviation	HEC Forum
ISSN (print)	0956-2737
ISSN (online)	1572-8498
Scope	Health Policy Issues, ethics and legal aspects Health(social science)