How to format your references using the HEC Forum citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for HEC Forum. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mattmann, C. A. (2013). Computing: A vision for data science. Nature, 493(7433), 473–475.

A journal article with 2 authors

Enquist, B. J., & Niklas, K. J. (2002). Global allocation rules for patterns of biomass partitioning in seed plants. Science (New York, N.Y.), 295(5559), 1517–1520.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ammon, C. J., Kanamori, H., & Lay, T. (2008). A great earthquake doublet and seismic stress transfer cycle in the central Kuril islands. Nature, 451(7178), 561–565.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Liu, X., Yu, Z., Dong, H., & Chen, H.-F. (2014). A less or more dusty future in the Northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau? Scientific reports, 4, 6672.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vegh, A. (2010). Web Development with the Mac®. Indianapolis, IN, USA: Wiley Publishing, Inc.

An edited book

Di Valentin, C., Botti, S., & Cococcioni, M. (Eds.). (2014). First Principles Approaches to Spectroscopic Properties of Complex Materials (Vol. 347). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Adacher, L., & Flamini, M. (2011). Limiting Pollution in Ground Control Optimization. In D. Kranzlmüller & A. M. Toja (Eds.), Information and Communication on Technology for the Fight against Global Warming: First International Conference, ICT-GLOW 2011, Toulouse, France, August 30-31, 2011. Proceedings (pp. 41–55). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for HEC Forum.

Blog post

Felton, J. (2017, May 17). If You’re Sleepy Strangers Will Find You Unattractive, Study Confirms. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1986). [Response to Request for Comments on Federal Contribution to Corporation for Public Broadcasting] (No. B-221498.46). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Domec, B. S. (2017). Development, Characterization, and Resultant Properties of a Carbon, Boron, and Chromium Ternary Diffusion System (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cowen, T. (2015, August 14). For Small Donors, Better Giving Through Science. New York Times, p. BU6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mattmann 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Enquist and Niklas 2002; Mattmann 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Enquist and Niklas 2002)
Three or more authors: (Liu et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	HEC Forum
Abbreviation	HEC Forum
ISSN (print)	0956-2737
ISSN (online)	1572-8498
Scope	Health Policy Issues, ethics and legal aspects Health(social science)