How to format your references using the Head and Neck Pathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Head and Neck Pathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Haag A. Alternatives in Colorado. Nature. 2007;446:578–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Isaksen ISA, Dalsøren SB. Atmospheric science. Getting a better estimate of an atmospheric radical. Science. 2011;331:38–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Pool JA, Lobkovsky E, Chirik PJ. Hydrogenation and cleavage of dinitrogen to ammonia with a zirconium complex. Nature. 2004;427:527–30.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Ritz D, Lim J, Reynolds CM, Poole LB, Beckwith J. Conversion of a peroxiredoxin into a disulfide reductase by a triplet repeat expansion. Science. 2001;294:158–60.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Marti P. Baustatik. D-69451 Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH; 2014.

An edited book

1. Egeland A. Kristian Birkeland: The First Space Scientist. Burke WJ, editor. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Dolgov D, Zakharov Y. Numerical Modeling of Artificial Heart Valve. In: Danaev N, Shokin Y, Darkhan A-Z, editors. Mathematical Modeling of Technological Processes: 8th International Conference, CITech 2015, Almaty, Kazakhstan, September 24-27, 2015, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 33–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Head and Neck Pathology.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Animals Inherit Their Mother’s Social Network. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Increasing Use of Data Telecommunications Calls for Stronger Protection and Improved Economies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1980 Nov. Report No.: LCD-81-1.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Libman M. A policy analysis of the Penal Code Section 186.20-186.33: California Street Terrorism Enforcement and Prevention Act [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Brantley B. A Raging Diva, Centuries Before Soap Operas. New York Times. 2016 Oct 7;C4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Head and Neck Pathology
Abbreviation	Head Neck Pathol.
ISSN (print)	1936-055X
ISSN (online)	1936-0568
Scope	Oncology Otorhinolaryngology Pathology and Forensic Medicine