How to format your references using the Head and Neck Pathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Head and Neck Pathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Lederman L. The God particle et al. Nature. 2007;448:310–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Harvey THP, Butterfield NJ. Sophisticated particle-feeding in a large Early Cambrian crustacean. Nature. 2008;452:868–71.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Levison HF, Kretke KA, Duncan MJ. Growing the gas-giant planets by the gradual accumulation of pebbles. Nature. 2015;524:322–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Sanai N, Berger MS, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Alvarez-Buylla A. Comment on “Human neuroblasts migrate to the olfactory bulb via a lateral ventricular extension.” Science. 2007;318:393; author reply 393.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Scharf T. Polarized Light in Liquid Crystals and Polymers. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2006.

An edited book

1. Childs JE, Mackenzie JS, Richt JA, editors. Wildlife and Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: The Biology, Circumstances and Consequences of Cross-Species Transmission. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Sanford JF, Potkonjak M, Slijepcevic S. Beacon Positioning and Operations. In: Potkonjak M, Slijepcevic S, editors. Localization in Wireless Networks: Foundations and Applications. New York, NY: Springer; 2012. p. 97–128.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Head and Neck Pathology.

Blog post

1. O`Callaghan J. NASA To Make A “Surprising” Announcement About Jupiter’s Moon Europa Next Monday [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-surprising-announcement-europa-monday/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Air Traffic Control System: Selected Stakeholders’ Perspectives on Operations, Modernization, and Structure. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014 Sep. Report No.: GAO-14-770.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. McElhoes JL. Spatial, Technological, and Functional Variability Among the Prehistoric Ceramics of the Southern California Coast [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Koblin J. Half a Million Viewers For ‘Twin Peaks’ Return. New York Times. 2017 May 23;C3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Head and Neck Pathology
Abbreviation	Head Neck Pathol.
ISSN (print)	1936-055X
ISSN (online)	1936-0568
Scope	Oncology Otorhinolaryngology Pathology and Forensic Medicine