How to format your references using the Head and Neck Pathology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Head and Neck Pathology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Socha JJ. Gliding flight in the paradise tree snake. Nature. 2002;418:603–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Hone J, Carpick RW. Friction. Slippery when dry. Science. 2015;348:1087–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Piovia-Scott J, Spiller DA, Schoener TW. Effects of experimental seaweed deposition on lizard and ant predation in an island food web. Science. 2011;331:461–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Zhang L, Xing X, Zheng L, Chen Z, Xiao L, Qu B, et al. Vertical phase separation in bulk heterojunction solar cells formed by in situ polymerization of fulleride. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5071.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Wells R. Global Credit Management. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2004.

An edited book

1. Linkov I, Steevens J, editors. Nanomaterials: Risks and Benefits. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Shih C-Y, Capitán J, Marrón PJ, Viguria A, Alarcón F, Schwarzbach M, et al. On the Cooperation between Mobile Robots and Wireless Sensor Networks. In: Koubaa A, Khelil A, editors. Cooperative Robots and Sensor Networks 2014. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. p. 67–86.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Head and Neck Pathology.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Mantis shrimp see things differently... literally. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Information Management: The National Technical Information Service’s Dissemination of Technical Reports Needs Attention. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014 Jul. Report No.: GAO-14-781T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. McCallum-Bonar C. Black Ashkenaz And the Almost Promised Land: Yiddish Literature and the Harlem Renaissance [Doctoral dissertation]. [Columbus, OH]: Ohio State University; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. McKINLEY JC Jr. No More Tea With Caligula. New York Times. 2017 Oct 20;C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Head and Neck Pathology
Abbreviation	Head Neck Pathol.
ISSN (print)	1936-055X
ISSN (online)	1936-0568
Scope	Oncology Otorhinolaryngology Pathology and Forensic Medicine