How to format your references using the Habitat International citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Habitat International. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hoffert, M. (2011). Governments must pay for clean-energy innovation. Nature, 472(7342), 137.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hwang, J., & Druffel, E. R. M. (2003). Lipid-like material as the source of the uncharacterized organic carbon in the ocean? Science (New York, N.Y.), 299(5608), 881–884.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kormendy, J., Bender, R., & Cornell, M. E. (2011). Supermassive black holes do not correlate with galaxy disks or pseudobulges. Nature, 469(7330), 374–376.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Dunn, R. A., Toomey, D. R., Detrick, R. S., & Wilcock, W. S. (2001). Continuous mantle melt supply beneath an overlapping spreading center on the East Pacific Rise. Science (New York, N.Y.), 291(5510), 1955–1958.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Martin, B. R. (2006). Nuclear and Particle Physics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Gudmundsson, H. (2016). Sustainable Transportation: Indicators, Frameworks, and Performance Management (R. P. Hall, G. Marsden, & J. Zietsman, Eds.). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Abbas, M. A., Qadir, M. A., Ahmad, M., & Ali, T. (2012). Semantic Aware Implication and Satisfiability for Conjunctive Queries in Semantic Caching. In R. Benlamri (Ed.), Networked Digital Technologies: 4th International Conference, NDT 2012, Dubai, UAE, April 24-26, 2012. Proceedings, Part I (pp. 44–54). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Habitat International.

Blog post

Taub, B. (2016, December 22). Asshole Businessmen Are Selling Plastic Rice In Nigeria. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/hole-businessmen-selling-plastic-rice-nigeria/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1978). Update of Economic Analysis of Impact Aid Program Reflecting the Educational Amendments of 1974 (HRD-78-132). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Konggidinata, M. I. (2017). Application and Modifications of Ordered Mesoporous Carbon (OMC) for BTEX Removal: Characterization, Adsorption Mechanisms, and Kinetic Studies [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel, B. (2017, January 13). Start of Chiefs-Steelers Game Moved to Sunday Night. New York Times, D4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hoffert, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Hoffert, 2011; Hwang & Druffel, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hwang & Druffel, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Dunn et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Habitat International
Abbreviation	Habitat Int.
ISSN (print)	0197-3975
Scope	Urban Studies