How to format your references using the Geobios citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geobios. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Meinwald, J., 2011. Retrospective. Thomas Eisner (1929-2011). Science 332, 549.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wheeler, T.D., Stroock, A.D., 2008. The transpiration of water at negative pressures in a synthetic tree. Nature 455, 208–212.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang, K.H., Penmatsa, A., Gouaux, E., 2015. Neurotransmitter and psychostimulant recognition by the dopamine transporter. Nature 521, 322–327.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Li, Z., Kesselman, E., Talmon, Y., Hillmyer, M.A., Lodge, T.P., 2004. Multicompartment micelles from ABC miktoarm stars in water. Science 306, 98–101.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rowe, W.B., 2010. Modern Grinding Techniques. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Le, N.D., 2006. Statistical Analysis of Environmental Space-Time Processes, Springer Series in Statistics. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Sankowski, P., 2015. Online Bipartite Matching in Offline Time (Abstract), in: Italiano, G.F., Margaria-Steffen, T., Pokorný, J., Quisquater, J.-J., Wattenhofer, R. (Eds.), SOFSEM 2015: Theory and Practice of Computer Science: 41st International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science, Pec Pod Sněžkou, Czech Republic, January 24-29, 2015. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 45–45.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geobios.

Blog post

Taub, B., 2016. Neanderthal Infants’ Brains May Have Been Similar To Human Children [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/brain/neanderthal-infants-brains-may-have-been-similar-to-human-children/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1983. Status of Trident and SSN-688 Submarine Construction (No. MASAD-83-10). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wallace, D.R., 2006. A Comparative Analysis of a Conventional Versus a Computer-assisted Technique for Identification of Mechanical Power Press Hazards (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander, S., 2000. Maryland Rides Second-Half Rally to Sixth Straight Title. New York Times D10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Meinwald, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Meinwald, 2011; Wheeler and Stroock, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wheeler and Stroock, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Li et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geobios
ISSN (print)	0016-6995
Scope	Space and Planetary Science Stratigraphy