How to format your references using the Gastrointestinal Intervention citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gastrointestinal Intervention (GII). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

van den Heuvel EPJ. Astronomy. An eccentric pulsar: result of a threesome? Science. 2008;320(5881):1298–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bilde-Sørensen JB., Schiøtz J. Materials science. Nanocrystals get twins. Science. 2003;300(5623):1244–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dubi Y., Meir Y., Avishai Y. Nature of the superconductor-insulator transition in disordered superconductors. Nature. 2007;449(7164):876–80.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Ferguson AD., Chakraborty R., Smith BS., Esser L., van der Helm D., Deisenhofer J. Structural basis of gating by the outer membrane transporter FecA. Science. 2002;295(5560):1715–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Meiswinkel R., Meyer J., Schnell J. Design and Construction of Nuclear Power Plants. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2013.

An edited book

Schütz D., Wahl FM. Robotic Systems for Handling and Assembly. vol. 67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Paskett ED. Breast Cancer Among Special Populations: Disparities in Care Across the Cancer Control Continuum. In: Ganz PA, editor. Improving Outcomes for Breast Cancer Survivors: Perspectives on Research Challenges and Opportunities. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 39–52.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gastrointestinal Intervention.

Blog post

Luntz S. Schizophrenia Genes Reduce Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk And Vice Versa. IFLScience. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/schizophrenia-genes-reduce-rheumatoid-arthritis-risk-and-vice-versa/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Teacher Corps Programs Operated by the Buffalo State University College, the New York University, and the Harlem Institute for Teachers. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1972.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Keels D. An Analysis of the Correlation between Teacher Effectiveness and Student Standardized Test Scores. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

St. John Kelly E. At the Nation’s Table: Buffalo;Bottling the Secret Of the Wings. New York Times. 1996:C4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Gastrointestinal Intervention
ISSN (print)	2213-1795
ISSN (online)	2213-1809
Scope	Gastroenterology Hepatology Oncology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging