How to format your references using the Frontiers in Neuropsychiatric Imaging and Stimulation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Neuropsychiatric Imaging and Stimulation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ruan, Y. (2011). Genome-sequencing anniversary. Presenting the human genome: now in 3D! Science 331, 1025–1026.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kastan, M. B., and Bartek, J. (2004). Cell-cycle checkpoints and cancer. Nature 432, 316–323.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pack, C. C., Berezovskii, V. K., and Born, R. T. (2001). Dynamic properties of neurons in cortical area MT in alert and anaesthetized macaque monkeys. Nature 414, 905–908.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Vellai, T., Takacs-Vellai, K., Zhang, Y., Kovacs, A. L., Orosz, L., and Müller, F. (2003). Genetics: influence of TOR kinase on lifespan in C. elegans. Nature 426, 620.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tsui, J. B.-Y. (2004). Fundamentals of Global Positioning System Receivers. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Richert, B. (2016). Management of Ingrowing Nails: Treatment Scenarios and Practical Tips., eds. N. Di Chiacchio, M. Caucanas, and N. G. Di Chiacchio. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Otsuka, M., Shimazaki, M., Kayaba, K., Sakada, T., Hara, K., Asahi, M., et al. (2010). “Community-Based Interprofessional Education at Saitama Prefectural University,” in Advanced Initiatives in Interprofessional Education in Japan: Japan Interprofessional Working and Education Network, eds. H. Watanabe and M. Koizumi (Tokyo: Springer Japan), 39–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Neuropsychiatric Imaging and Stimulation.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014). Boulder Leaves Dotted Line Trail On Mars. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/boulder-leaves-dotted-line-trail-mars/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1987). Aviation Safety: Needed Improvements in FAA’s Airline Inspection Program Are Underway. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tabellario, C. M. (2009). A plan to establish a financial counseling center on the campus of California State University, Long Beach. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, D. (2001). Mudville Can Never Die. New York Times, 725.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ruan, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Kastan and Bartek, 2004; Ruan, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kastan and Bartek, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Vellai et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Neuropsychiatric Imaging and Stimulation
Abbreviation	Front. Psychiatry
ISSN (online)	1664-0640
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health