How to format your references using the Frontiers in Neuromorphic Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Neuromorphic Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kivelson, M. G. (2006). Does Enceladus govern magnetospheric dynamics at Saturn? Science 311, 1391–1392.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vandermeer, J., and Perfecto, I. (2006). A keystone mutualism drives pattern in a power function. Science 311, 1000–1002.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang, J., Hannon, G. J., and Beach, D. H. (2000). Risky immortalization by telomerase. Nature 405, 755–756.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Nackley, A. G., Shabalina, S. A., Tchivileva, I. E., Satterfield, K., Korchynskyi, O., Makarov, S. S., et al. (2006). Human catechol-O-methyltransferase haplotypes modulate protein expression by altering mRNA secondary structure. Science 314, 1930–1933.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Burrell, D. B. (2011). Towards a Jewish-Christian-Muslim Theology. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Ma, M., Fradinho Oliveira, M., and Madeiras Pereira, J. eds. (2011). Serious Games Development and Applications: Second International Conference, SGDA 2011, Lisbon, Portugal, September 19-20, 2011. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Onori, S., Serrao, L., and Rizzoni, G. (2016). “Dynamic Programming,” in Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Energy Management Strategies, eds. L. Serrao and G. Rizzoni (London: Springer), 41–49.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Neuromorphic Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015). Indian White Tiger Could Be Too Shy To Mate. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/indian-white-tiger-could-be-shy-mate/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2001). U.S. Infrastructure: Agencies’ Approaches to Developing Investment Estimates Vary. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Theodore, J. A. (2014). A Framework for Comparative Analysis of Gene Expressions and Mutations Linked to Cancer. Washington, DC: George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M. (1992). THE 1992 CAMPIAGN: Undeclared Candidate; Where Perot Exhibits A Lifetime of Memories. New York Times, 18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kivelson, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Kivelson, 2006; Vandermeer and Perfecto, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vandermeer and Perfecto, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Nackley et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Neuromorphic Engineering
Abbreviation	Front. Neurosci.
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
Scope	General Neuroscience