How to format your references using the Frontiers in Neuromorphic Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Neuromorphic Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Willyard, C. (2014). Risk factors: riddle of the rays. Nature 515, S112-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Yanovsky, M. J., and Kay, S. A. (2002). Molecular basis of seasonal time measurement in Arabidopsis. Nature 419, 308–312.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dudley, A. T., Ros, M. A., and Tabin, C. J. (2002). A re-examination of proximodistal patterning during vertebrate limb development. Nature 418, 539–544.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Yoshida, T., Jones, L. E., Ellner, S. P., Fussmann, G. F., and Hairston, N. G., Jr (2003). Rapid evolution drives ecological dynamics in a predator-prey system. Nature 424, 303–306.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McFedries, P. (2010). Twitter Tips, Tricks, and Tweets. Indianapolis, IN, USA: Wiley Publishing, Inc.

An edited book

Tamil Selvan, S. (2016). Introduction to Nanotheranostics., ed. K. Narayanan. Singapore: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Butler, M., and Maamria, I. (2013). “Practical Theory Extension in Event-B,” in Theories of Programming and Formal Methods: Essays Dedicated to Jifeng He on the Occasion of His 70th Birthday, eds. Z. Liu, J. Woodcock, and H. Zhu (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 67–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Neuromorphic Engineering.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016). This Is What Happens If You Flush Sodium Down The Toilet. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2013). Intermodal Transportation: A Variety of Factors Influence Airport-Intercity Passenger Rail Connectivity. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hambarsoomian, H. (2017). Classification of Placental Chorionic Surface Vasculature Network Features Using Machine Learning Techniques. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gabler, E., Fink, S., and Yee, V. (2017). A Preventable Descent Into Suffocating Chaos. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Willyard, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Yanovsky and Kay, 2002; Willyard, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Yanovsky and Kay, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Yoshida et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Neuromorphic Engineering
Abbreviation	Front. Neurosci.
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
Scope	General Neuroscience