How to format your references using the Frontiers in Invertebrate Physiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Invertebrate Physiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pretty, J. (2003). Social capital and the collective management of resources. Science 302, 1912–1914.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gelb, M. H., and Hol, W. G. J. (2002). Parasitology. Drugs to combat tropical protozoan parasites. Science 297, 343–344.

A journal article with 3 authors

Arlettaz, R., Jones, G., and Racey, P. A. (2001). Effect of acoustic clutter on prey detection by bats. Nature 414, 742–745.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hahn, M. W., Mezey, J. G., Begun, D. J., Gillespie, J. H., Kern, A. D., Langley, C. H., et al. (2005). Evolutionary genomics: codon bias and selection on single genomes. Nature 433, E5-6; discussion E7-8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McGee, G. (2012). Bioethics for beginners. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Ning, P., Qing, S., and Li, N. eds. (2006). Information and Communications Security: 8th International Conference, ICICS 2006, Raleigh, NC, USA, December 4-7, 2006. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Baskaran, C., and Misra, M. (2016). “Undernutrition, Inflammation and Catabolic Illness, and Growth Hormone Secretion,” in Growth Hormone Deficiency: Physiology and Clinical Management, ed. L. E. Cohen (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 47–61.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Invertebrate Physiology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2015). This Incredible Footage Shows The Central Nervous System Of A Fly Larva In Action. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2012). Early Child Care and Education: HHS and Education Are Taking Steps to Improve Workforce Data and Enhance Worker Quality. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kaardal, J. T. (2017). Decoding the Computations of Sensory Neurons. La Jolla, CA: University of California San Diego.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K. (2000). A Mister Softee Who Found His Calling. New York Times, 144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pretty, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Gelb and Hol, 2002; Pretty, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gelb and Hol, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Hahn et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Invertebrate Physiology
Abbreviation	Front. Physiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-042X
Scope	Physiology Physiology (medical)