How to format your references using the Frontiers in Dementia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Dementia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pearson, H. (2011). Epidemiology: Study of a lifetime. Nature 471, 20–24.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dickinson, J. L., and Koenig, W. D. (2003). Ecology and evolution. Desperately seeking similarity. Science 300, 1887–1889.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ohmoto, H., Watanabe, Y., and Kumazawa, K. (2004). Evidence from massive siderite beds for a CO2-rich atmosphere before approximately 1.8 billion years ago. Nature 429, 395–399.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Spehr, M., Gisselmann, G., Poplawski, A., Riffell, J. A., Wetzel, C. H., Zimmer, R. K., et al. (2003). Identification of a testicular odorant receptor mediating human sperm chemotaxis. Science 299, 2054–2058.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kesidis, G. (2007). An Introduction to Communication Network Analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Toussaint, L., Worthington, E., and Williams, D. R. eds. (2015). Forgiveness and Health: Scientific Evidence and Theories Relating Forgiveness to Better Health., 1st ed. 2015. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Chakravarthy, M., and Ruggeri, L. (2014). “Role of Inhalational Anesthetic Agents in Reducing Perioperative Mortality,” in Reducing Mortality in the Perioperative Period, eds. G. Landoni, L. Ruggeri, and A. Zangrillo (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 25–30.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Dementia.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014). Rare “Blond” Penguin Spotted in Antarctica. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/rare-blond-penguin-spotted-antarctica/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005). Aviation Safety: FAA’s Safety Oversight System Is Effective but Could Benefit from Better Evaluation of Its Programs’ Performance. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Faughn, C. E. (2014). Social and Physical Cognition in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ): Preliminary Investigation of Domain-General versus Domain-Specific Intelligence. Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B. (2016). So Smart (but Truly Vile). New York Times, C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pearson, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Dickinson and Koenig, 2003; Pearson, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dickinson and Koenig, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Spehr et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Dementia
Abbreviation	Front. Neurol.
ISSN (online)	1664-2295
Scope	Clinical Neurology Neurology