How to format your references using the Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P. Clearing your own path. Nature (2002) 420:3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Newman DK, Kolter R. A role for excreted quinones in extracellular electron transfer. Nature (2000) 405:94–97.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dwyer CA, Stevenson DJ, Nimmo F. A long-lived lunar dynamo driven by continuous mechanical stirring. Nature (2011) 479:212–214.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Yuan Z, Kardynal BE, Stevenson RM, Shields AJ, Lobo CJ, Cooper K, Beattie NS, Ritchie DA, Pepper M. Electrically driven single-photon source. Science (2002) 295:102–105.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chin DA. Water-Quality Engineering in Natural Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (2006).

An edited book

Leemans R ed. Ecological Systems: Selected Entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. New York, NY: Springer (2013). VI, 310 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Takazawa K, Inoue J, Mitsuishi K. “Miniaturized Photonic Circuit Components Constructed from Organic Dye Nanofiber Waveguides.,” In: Zhao YS, editor. Organic Nanophotonics: Fundamentals and Applications. Nano-Optics and Nanophotonics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer (2015). p. 119–139

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics.

Blog post

Davis J. Virus Found To Make Plants Smell More Attractive To Foraging Bees. IFLScience (2016) https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/virus-found-to-make-plants-smell-more-attractive-to-foraging-bees/ [Accessed October 30, 2018]

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Better Management and More Resources Needed To Strengthen Federal Efforts To Improve Pregnancy Outcome. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office (1980).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Haradon CM. The ecological context of the Acheulean to Middle Stone Age transition in Africa. [Doctoral dissertation]. Washington, DC: George Washington University (2010).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Smith M, Kovaleski SF. For Officers After a Shooting, Unseen ‘Grieving.’ New York Times (2017)A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics
Abbreviation	Front. Appl. Math. Stat.
ISSN (online)	2297-4687
Scope