How to format your references using the Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Leadlay PF. Structural biology: enzyme assembly line pictured. Nature (2014) 510:482–483.

A journal article with 2 authors

Braithwaite J, Spruit HC. A fossil origin for the magnetic field in A stars and white dwarfs. Nature (2004) 431:819–821.

A journal article with 3 authors

Reyes-Lamothe R, Sherratt DJ, Leake MC. Stoichiometry and architecture of active DNA replication machinery in Escherichia coli. Science (2010) 328:498–501.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Rao H, Uhlmann F, Nasmyth K, Varshavsky A. Degradation of a cohesin subunit by the N-end rule pathway is essential for chromosome stability. Nature (2001) 410:955–959.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ventre D. Information Warfare. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (2016).

An edited book

Tymieniecka A-T ed. Timing and Temporality in Islamic Philosophy and Phenomenology of Life. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. (2007). XII, 346 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Modaressi H, Desramaut N, Gehl P. “Specification of the Vulnerability of Physical Systems.,” In: Pitilakis K, Franchin P, Khazai B, Wenzel H, editors. SYNER-G: Systemic Seismic Vulnerability and Risk Assessment of Complex Urban, Utility, Lifeline Systems and Critical Facilities: Methodology and Applications. Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands (2014). p. 131–184

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics.

Blog post

Andrews R. Cancer-Killing CRISPR Viruses Destroy Their “Command Centers” From Within. IFLScience (2017) https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/cancerkilling-crispr-viruses-destroy-command-centers-within/ [Accessed October 30, 2018]

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: GSA’s Difficulties Managing FTS 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. (1991).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pham HD. Determination of Default Probability in Auto Finance through Predictive Analytics. [Doctoral dissertation]. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach. (2017).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Otis J. Young Mother Sees Education as a Path to Help Her Daughter. New York Times (2016)A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics
Abbreviation	Front. Appl. Math. Stat.
ISSN (online)	2297-4687
Scope