How to format your references using the Free Radicals and Antioxidants citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Free Radicals and Antioxidants. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lundstrom CC. Rapid diffusive infiltration of sodium into partially molten peridotite. Nature. 2000;403(6769):527-530.

A journal article with 2 authors

Xiang Y, Kobilka BK. Myocyte adrenoceptor signaling pathways. Science. 2003;300(5625):1530-1532.

A journal article with 3 authors

Joliveau E, Smith J, Wolfe J. Acoustics: tuning of vocal tract resonance by sopranos. Nature. 2004;427(6970):116.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Dodd D, Spitzer MH, Van Treuren W, et al. A gut bacterial pathway metabolizes aromatic amino acids into nine circulating metabolites. Nature. 2017;551(7682):648-652.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Allen M. Foundations of Forensic Document Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

Atwater MM, Russell M, Butler MB, eds. Multicultural Science Education: Preparing Teachers for Equity and Social Justice. Springer Netherlands; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Membrey P, Hows D. Essential Commands. In: Hows D, ed. Learn Raspberry Pi 2 with Linux and Windows 10. Apress; 2015:97-116.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Free Radicals and Antioxidants.

Blog post

Hale T. Strange Sighting Of Creepy Turkeys Forming A Marching Circle Around A Dead Cat. IFLScience. March 3, 2017. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/strange-sighting-of-creepy-turkeys-forming-a-marching-circle-around-a-dead-cat/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Air Force ADP: Depot Maintenance System Development Risks Are High. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Klooster ECR. Identifying Differences in Student Traditionalities of Remedial Math Students, Adjusted for Efficacy. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Blecher G. The Diners Fade Away. New York Times. November 24, 2016:MB1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Free Radicals and Antioxidants
Abbreviation	Free Radicals Antioxid.
ISSN (print)	2231-2536
Scope