How to format your references using the Free Radicals and Antioxidants citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Free Radicals and Antioxidants. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Macilwain C. Europe needs a research leader who will lead. Nature. 2014;512(7512):7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bond AB, Kamil AC. Visual predators select for crypticity and polymorphism in virtual prey. Nature. 2002;415(6872):609-613.

A journal article with 3 authors

Schorlemmer D, Wiemer S, Wyss M. Variations in earthquake-size distribution across different stress regimes. Nature. 2005;437(7058):539-542.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Yokoyama T, Sakai H, Noguchi Y, Kita S. Perception of direct gaze does not require focus of attention. Sci Rep. 2014;4:3858.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Strachman D, Bookbinder R. Fund of Funds Investing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

Quintela Varajão JE, Cruz-Cunha MM, Putnik GD, Trigo A, eds. ENTERprise Information Systems: International Conference, CENTERIS 2010, Viana Do Castelo, Portugal, October 20-22, 2010, Proceedings, Part II. Vol 110. Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Gabbay DM, Schlechta K. Monotone and Antitone Semantic and Syntactic Interpolation. In: Schlechta K, ed. Conditionals and Modularity in General Logics. Cognitive Technologies. Springer; 2011:113-151.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Free Radicals and Antioxidants.

Blog post

Luntz S. Sibling Rivalry Is A Weighty Issue For Meerkats. IFLScience. May 25, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/sibling-rivalry-weighty-issue-meerkats/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: FCC Does Not Know If All Required Fees Are Collected. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Honnold JL. Toward a Working Theory of Neurorhetorics. Doctoral dissertation. University of South Florida; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik J. Rap Lyrics Lost in Translation. New York Times. June 26, 2017:C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Free Radicals and Antioxidants
Abbreviation	Free Radicals Antioxid.
ISSN (print)	2231-2536
Scope