How to format your references using the Folia Morphologia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Folia Morphologia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cairns BR. The logic of chromatin architecture and remodelling at promoters. Nature. 2009; 461(7261): 193–198.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sherwood S, Fu Q. Climate change. A drier future? Science. 2014; 343(6172): 737–739.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lazzerini GM, Strambini LM, Barillaro G. Addressing reliability and degradation of chemitransistor sensors by electrical tuning of the sensitivity. Sci Rep. 2013; 3: 1161.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lan H, Chen H, Chen L-C, et al. The first report of a Pelecaniformes defensin cluster: characterization of β-defensin genes in the crested ibis based on BAC libraries. Sci Rep. 2014; 4: 6923.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Szpankowski W. Average Case Analysis of Algorithms on Sequences. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ 2001.

An edited book

Abut H, Hansen JHL, Takeda K (eds). Advances for In-Vehicle and Mobile Systems: Challenges for International Standards. Springer US, Boston, MA 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Zülch G. Evaluating Human Work in the Digital Factory - A New German Guideline -. In: Grabot B, Vallespir B, Gomes S, et al. (eds). Advances in Production Management Systems. Innovative and Knowledge-Based Production Management in a Global-Local World: IFIP WG 5.7 International Conference, APMS 2014, Ajaccio, France, September 20-24, 2014, Proceedings, Part III. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 2014:35–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Folia Morphologia.

Blog post

Andrews R. Solar Power Will Completely Phase Out Coal By 2050. IFLScience. . [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/solar-power-completely-phase-out-coal-2050/. .

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Airline Competition: Higher Fares and Less Competition Continue at Concentrated Airports. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stevens W. Using emotional intelligence as a leadership strategy to make good leaders great. 2010. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Top Chechen Reported Killed. New York Times . 2002, A8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2, 4].
This sentence cites four references [2, 6–8].

About the journal

Full journal title	Folia Morphologia
ISSN (print)	0015-5659
ISSN (online)	1644-3284
Scope