How to format your references using the Finance Research Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Finance Research Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Clayton, J., 2004. RNA interference: the silent treatment. Nature 431, 599–605.

A journal article with 2 authors

Taira, T., Hatoyama, Y., 2011. Nuclear energy: Nationalize the Fukushima Daiichi atomic plant. Nature 480, 313–314.

A journal article with 3 authors

Brohawn, S.G., del Mármol, J., MacKinnon, R., 2012. Crystal structure of the human K2P TRAAK, a lipid- and mechano-sensitive K+ ion channel. Science 335, 436–441.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

St-Pierre, C., Brochu, S., Vanegas, J.R., Dumont-Lagacé, M., Lemieux, S., Perreault, C., 2013. Transcriptome sequencing of neonatal thymic epithelial cells. Sci. Rep. 3, 1860.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Murthy, D.N.P., Kurvinen, M., Töyrylä, I., 2016. Warranty Fraud Management: Reducing Fraud and Other Excess Costs in Warranty and Service Operations. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Šamaj, J. (Ed.), 2012. Endocytosis in Plants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Sarkiss, M., 2013. Anesthesia for Interventional Bronchoscopic Procedures, in: Díaz-Jimenez, J.P., Rodriguez, A.N. (Eds.), Interventions in Pulmonary Medicine. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 55–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Finance Research Letters.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J., 2017. Enceladus’ Ocean Might Be Just Two Kilometers Underground At Its South Pole [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/enceladus-ocean-might-be-just-two-kilometers-underground-at-its-south-pole/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1997. Aviation Insurance: Issues Related to the Reauthorization of FAA’s Aviation Insurance Program (No. T-RCED-97-115). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Safarian Bahri, P., 2017. Erosion Rate Prediction Model for Levee-Floodwall Overtopping Applications in Fine-Grained Soils (Doctoral dissertation). Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg, B., 2017. With All-Out Effort, Penguins’ Fleury Is Enjoying Postseason Success. New York Times D5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Clayton, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Clayton, 2004; Taira and Hatoyama, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Taira and Hatoyama, 2011)
Three or more authors: (St-Pierre et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Finance Research Letters
Abbreviation	Fin. Res. Lett.
ISSN (print)	1544-6123
Scope	Finance